Confucianism and Buddhism Ch. 7

V. The Age of Buddhism (400-845) B. many began practicing during the A. began in India in 500bc B. many began practicing during the period of disunion after the fall of the Han *these were times of trouble *people took comfort in Buddhist teachings and felt they can escape and achieve a state of peace. 1. “suffering can end through cycle of rebirth” C. influenced art, literature, architecture D. blended with Confucianism & Daoism

Buddhism D. Buddhist teachings 1. a religion- based on teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, aka Buddha 2. Buddha means “enlightened one” 3. He lived in India 563-483 BC 4. he brought the religion to China in 200 AD by Buddhist monks who traveled along the Silk Road

Buddhism this comes from the curriculum Buddhism this comes from the curriculum. The teacher is not pushing her personal beliefs onto the students. 5. Buddhist Teachings- 4 Noble Truths (1) all life is suffering and pain (2) suffering and pain are caused by desire for wealth, pleasure, fame, power (3) to end suffering one must overcome desire (4) to over come desire, one must foll the Middle Way

Buddhism 6. The Middle Way- to have morally excellent conduct and compassion for all living things = calmness and purity of mind

Buddhism 7. Reincarnation- when a person dies, the soul is reborn in a new body 8. Nirvana- the first goal is to attain nirvana = desire nothing 9. After nirvana, a person breaks the cycle of life and death; they are no longer is reincarnated into an earthy life of suffering 10. The final goal- to devote their lives to bring others to enlightenment

create a timeline using the dates from your notes Instructions: create a timeline using the dates from your notes Age of Buddhism 845 400 Han Dynasty “period of disunion” 220 589 618 Sui Dynasty 907 Tang Dynasty 5 Dynasties & 10 kingdoms 1279 1368 1644 Song Dynasty Yuan Dynasty Ming Dynasty 907 960

Main Idea 3: The Age of Buddhism saw major religious changes in China. Buddhism was spreading quickly throughout the lands. It first came to China during the Han dynasty. During the troubled time of the Period of Disunion, many turned to Buddhism. They took comfort in the teaching that people can escape suffering and achieve a state of peace. It influenced many aspects of Chinese culture. Wealthy people donated money to build temples. It also affected art, literature, and architecture. Buddhism came to an end there when the Tang emperor launched a campaign against it, burning texts and destroying temples.

Confucianism and Government 7.3.3 7.3.6 The Big Idea Confucian thought influenced the Song government. Main Ideas Confucianism underwent changes and influenced Chinese government. Scholar-officials ran China’s government during the Song dynasty.

VII. Confucianism and Government 1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the Song Dynasty A. focused on two principles of ethics 1. ren: concern for others 2. li: proper behavior

Confucianism stable society B. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious 1. lived in China 551-479 BC 2. developed the philosophy of life and for government 3. focused on proper conduct, respect for elders, education, and government service 4. he felt this would create a peaceful, stable society

Confucianism 5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese traditions of respect and hard work

Confucianism B. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships 1. ruler and subject 2. parent and child 3. husband and wife 4. sibling and sibling 5. friend and friend

Confucianism C. The 5 Relationships 1. he believed these relationships would be harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authority 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parents 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, and a stable society would be possible

China Chapter 7

China Chapter 7, Section 3

Confucianism

Confucian Ideas – p.177 Teachings focused on ethics or proper behavior for individuals & governments People should follow 2 basic principles- Ren-concern for others Li-appropriate behavior Society would work best if everyone followed ren and li

Confucian Ideas – p. 177 Everyone had a proper role in society Order was maintained if everyone knew their roles and behaved appropriately Ex. – young people should obey their elders Ex. – subjects should obey their rulers

The Influence of Confucianism – p.177 At first, his ideas not widely followed after his death Han Dyn.-comes into favor Becomes the official state philosophy

The Influence of Confucianism – p. 177 Period of Disunion-overshadowed by Buddhism Sui & early Tang-Buddhism very influential-promising escape from suffering Confucianism, which stressed ethics, lost some influence, but still important

Neo-Confucianism – p. 178 Late in Tang Dyn.-renewed interest in Confucianism because scholars wanted to improve govt. & society Neo-Confucianism develops during & after the Song Dynasty Neo means new

Neo-Confucianism – p. 178 Neo-Confucianism-similar to old philosophy because it taught proper behavior It also emphasized spiritual matters (new part) Much more influential under Song and even more later Ideas became official govt. teachings after Song

Confucius Quotes A superior man is modest in his speech, but exceeds in his actions. Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life. Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall. Success depends upon previous preparation, and without such preparation there is sure to be failure.

Scholar-Officials

Scholar Officials – pp. 178-179 Song Dyn. improved system by which people worked for the govt. Workers formed a bureaucracy-body of unelected govt. officials Civil Service-means service as a govt. official People had to pass written exams to become govt. officials Students were tested on Confucianism & related ideas

Scholar-Officials – pp. 178-179 Tests very difficult-took years of study Passing meant life as a scholar-official-an educated member of the govt. Scholar-officials were highly respected members of society with many privileges This system ensured that talented people became govt. officials

V. The Age of Buddhism (400-845) B. many began practicing during the A. began in India in 500bc B. many began practicing during the period of disunion after the fall of the Han *these were times of trouble *people took comfort in Buddhist teachings and felt they can escape and achieve a state of peace. 1. “suffering can end through cycle of rebirth” C. influenced art, literature, architecture D. blended with Confucianism & Daoism

Buddhism D. Buddhist teachings 1. a religion- based on teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, aka Buddha 2. Buddha means “enlightened one” 3. He lived in India 563-483 BC 4. he brought the religion to China in 200 AD by Buddhist monks who traveled along the Silk Road

Buddhism this comes from the curriculum Buddhism this comes from the curriculum. The teacher is not pushing her personal beliefs onto the students. 5. Buddhist Teachings- 4 Noble Truths (1) all life is suffering and pain (2) suffering and pain are caused by desire for wealth, pleasure, fame, power (3) to end suffering one must overcome desire (4) to over come desire, one must foll the Middle Way

Buddhism 6. The Middle Way- to have morally excellent conduct and compassion for all living things = calmness and purity of mind

Buddhism 7. Reincarnation- when a person dies, the soul is reborn in a new body 8. Nirvana- the first goal is to attain nirvana = desire nothing 9. After nirvana, a person breaks the cycle of life and death; they are no longer is reincarnated into an earthy life of suffering 10. The final goal- to devote their lives to bring others to enlightenment

VII. Confucianism and Government 1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the Song Dynasty A. focused on two principles of ethics 1. ren: concern for others 2. li: proper behavior

Confucianism stable society B. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious 1. lived in China 551-479 BC 2. developed the philosophy of life and for government 3. focused on proper conduct, respect for elders, education, and government service 4. he felt this would create a peaceful, stable society

Confucianism 5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese traditions of respect and hard work

Confucianism B. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships 1. ruler and subject 2. parent and child 3. husband and wife 4. sibling and sibling 5. friend and friend

Confucianism C. The 5 Relationships 1. he believed these relationships would be harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authority 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parents 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, and a stable society would be possible

A. Buddhist, Daoist, Confucius’ ideas 2. Neo- Confucianism A. Buddhist, Daoist, Confucius’ ideas blended together 1. emphasized spiritual matters a. why do good people do bad things?

A. educated government officials 3. Scholar officials A. educated government officials 1. civil service exams a. those who passed became part of bureaucracy for life 2.created a stable, efficient government

create a timeline using the dates from your notes Instructions: create a timeline using the dates from your notes Age of Buddhism 845 400 Han Dynasty “period of disunion” 220 589 618 Sui Dynasty 907 Tang Dynasty 5 Dynasties & 10 kingdoms 1279 1368 1644 Song Dynasty Yuan Dynasty Ming Dynasty 907 960

Main Idea 1: Confucianism underwent changes and influenced Chinese government. The dominant philosophy in China was Confucianism, based on the teachings of Confucius. His teachings focused on proper behavior. Confucius taught that people should conduct their lives according to two basic principles. One was ren, or concern for others. The other was li, or appropriate behavior.

Neo-Confucianism After his death, Confucius’s ideas were spread by his followers, but as Buddhism became more popular, Confucianism lost some influence. Buddhism stressed a more spiritual outlook that promised escape from suffering. Neo-Confucianism developed due to a desire to improve Chinese government and society. It was similar to the older philosophy but emphasized spiritual matters. Neo-Confucianism became more influential under the Song, and became official government teaching after the Song dynasty.

Main Idea 2: Scholar-officials ran China’s government during the Song dynasty. The Song dynasty improved the system by which people went to work for the government. These workers formed a large bureaucracy, or a body of unelected government officials.

Civil Service Examinations Officials joined the bureaucracy by passing civil service examinations. Civil service means service as a government official. These were a series of written examinations that tested students’ grasp of Confucianism and related ideas. The tests were difficult, and students spent years preparing. Passing the exam meant life as a scholar-official, an educated member of government.

Daoism Laozi- the first Daoist philosopher, 606-530 BC B. Teachings- 1. the goal in life was to achieve oneness with the Dao, a universal force connected to nature that cannot be defined, only experienced and felt

Daoism 2. humans should see themselves as part of nature and should understand change as part of everything 3. the best way for humans to find peace is by living simply, in harmony with nature 4. observe how nature acts- sit by a river, feel a breeze, observe a cloud drifting, etc

Daoism 5. they don’t believe in strong government, they believe happiness and pace can be achieved by thinging about nature and leading a balanced life in tune with nature; not laws or rules 6. harmony comes from balanceing the opposite forces of nature called yin and yang

Daoism what color is black? what force is white? 7. yin’s attributes = female, earth, dark, cold 8. yang’s attributes = male, sky, light, heat what color is black? what force is white?

VII. Confucianism and Government 1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the Song Dynasty A. focused on two principles of ethics 1. ren: concern for others 2. li: proper behavior

Confucianism stable society B. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious 1. lived in China 551-479 BC 2. developed the philosophy of life and for government 3. focused on proper conduct, respect for elders, education, and government service 4. he felt this would create a peaceful, stable society

Confucianism 5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese traditions of respect and hard work

Confucianism B. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships 1. ruler and subject 2. parent and child 3. husband and wife 4. sibling and sibling 5. friend and friend

Confucianism C. The 5 Relationships 1. he believed these relationships would be harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authority 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parents 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, and a stable society would be possible

China Chapter 7

China Chapter 7, Section 3

Confucianism

Confucian Ideas – p.177 Teachings focused on ethics or proper behavior for individuals & governments People should follow 2 basic principles- Ren-concern for others Li-appropriate behavior Society would work best if everyone followed ren and li

Confucian Ideas – p. 177 Everyone had a proper role in society Order was maintained if everyone knew their roles and behaved appropriately Ex. – young people should obey their elders Ex. – subjects should obey their rulers

The Influence of Confucianism – p.177 At first, his ideas not widely followed after his death Han Dyn.-comes into favor Becomes the official state philosophy

The Influence of Confucianism – p. 177 Period of Disunion-overshadowed by Buddhism Sui & early Tang-Buddhism very influential-promising escape from suffering Confucianism, which stressed ethics, lost some influence, but still important

Neo-Confucianism – p. 178 Late in Tang Dyn.-renewed interest in Confucianism because scholars wanted to improve govt. & society Neo-Confucianism develops during & after the Song Dynasty Neo means new

Neo-Confucianism – p. 178 Neo-Confucianism-similar to old philosophy because it taught proper behavior It also emphasized spiritual matters (new part) Much more influential under Song and even more later Ideas became official govt. teachings after Song

Confucius Quotes A superior man is modest in his speech, but exceeds in his actions. Choose a job you love, and you will never have to work a day in your life. Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall. Success depends upon previous preparation, and without such preparation there is sure to be failure.

Scholar-Officials

Scholar Officials – pp. 178-179 Song Dyn. improved system by which people worked for the govt. Workers formed a bureaucracy-body of unelected govt. officials Civil Service-means service as a govt. official People had to pass written exams to become govt. officials Students were tested on Confucianism & related ideas

Scholar-Officials – pp. 178-179 Tests very difficult-took years of study Passing meant life as a scholar-official-an educated member of the govt. Scholar-officials were highly respected members of society with many privileges This system ensured that talented people became govt. officials

V. The Age of Buddhism (400-845) B. many began practicing during the A. began in India in 500bc B. many began practicing during the period of disunion after the fall of the Han *these were times of trouble *people took comfort in Buddhist teachings and felt they can escape and achieve a state of peace. 1. “suffering can end through cycle of rebirth” C. influenced art, literature, architecture D. blended with Confucianism & Daoism

Buddhism D. Buddhist teachings 1. a religion- based on teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, aka Buddha 2. Buddha means “enlightened one” 3. He lived in India 563-483 BC 4. he brought the religion to China in 200 AD by Buddhist monks who traveled along the Silk Road

Buddhism this comes from the curriculum Buddhism this comes from the curriculum. The teacher is not pushing her personal beliefs onto the students. 5. Buddhist Teachings- 4 Noble Truths (1) all life is suffering and pain (2) suffering and pain are caused by desire for wealth, pleasure, fame, power (3) to end suffering one must overcome desire (4) to over come desire, one must foll the Middle Way

Buddhism 6. The Middle Way- to have morally excellent conduct and compassion for all living things = calmness and purity of mind

Buddhism 7. Reincarnation- when a person dies, the soul is reborn in a new body 8. Nirvana- the first goal is to attain nirvana = desire nothing 9. After nirvana, a person breaks the cycle of life and death; they are no longer is reincarnated into an earthy life of suffering 10. The final goal- to devote their lives to bring others to enlightenment

VII. Confucianism and Government 1. Confucius’ ideas influenced the Song Dynasty A. focused on two principles of ethics 1. ren: concern for others 2. li: proper behavior

Confucianism stable society B. Belief System- Kong Fuzi = Confucious 1. lived in China 551-479 BC 2. developed the philosophy of life and for government 3. focused on proper conduct, respect for elders, education, and government service 4. he felt this would create a peaceful, stable society

Confucianism 5. He based his ideas on ancient Chinese traditions of respect and hard work

Confucianism B. The Code of Behavior = 5 relationships 1. ruler and subject 2. parent and child 3. husband and wife 4. sibling and sibling 5. friend and friend

Confucianism C. The 5 Relationships 1. he believed these relationships would be harmonious if the people involved were loyal, courteous, honesty, faithful and obedient to those in authority 2. he taught that harmony in the family would result in showing respect for parents 3. if people followed these examples, then harmony, and a stable society would be possible

A. Buddhist, Daoist, Confucius’ ideas 2. Neo- Confucianism A. Buddhist, Daoist, Confucius’ ideas blended together 1. emphasized spiritual matters a. why do good people do bad things?

A. educated government officials 3. Scholar officials A. educated government officials 1. civil service exams a. those who passed became part of bureaucracy for life 2.created a stable, efficient government

create a timeline using the dates from your notes Instructions: create a timeline using the dates from your notes Age of Buddhism 845 400 Han Dynasty “period of disunion” 220 589 618 Sui Dynasty 907 Tang Dynasty 5 Dynasties & 10 kingdoms 1279 1368 1644 Song Dynasty Yuan Dynasty Ming Dynasty 907 960