Greenhouse Gas Reduction and Waste Management Chuck White Director of Regulatory Affairs -- WM West Western Regional Air Partnership Denver, Colorado – July 18, 2006

What is: $12.5 Billion, 48 states, 55,000 employees –Decentralized organizational structure –429 solid waste hauling operations –366 transfer stations –21 million customers (residential, industrial, commercial) 289 Active Landfills –Most with landfill gas collection/destruction –100 landfill gas-to-energy projects Wheelabrator: 17 Waste to Energy Plants Recycle America: 138 Recycling plants ?

Waste Management = Renewable Energy Landfill Gas: 470 MW –400,000 homes Waste-to-Energy Plants: 650 MW –600,000 homes Recycling Energy Savings: 920 MW –848,000 homes What is: ?

Why does Corporate America Care About Climate Change?... And to “Do the Right Thing” – Of Course!

Investing in Solutions to Climate Change Tightening Trend: U.S. will likely follow the global trend to constrain carbon emissions Legislative Activity: There is a lot happening! Investment Opportunities: Companies selling products and services that address climate change could benefit significantly The Clean Dozen:... (+ 11 Others)

Solid Waste Management GHG Sources and Sinks Sink Source Sink ? Source Sink

Landfill Carbon Flows Waste Collection Efficiency Collect ed Gas CH 4 CO 2 Flare Energy Un- collect ed Gas CH 4 CO 2 Aerobic Oxidation in LF Cover Fugitive Emissions CH 4 CO 2 Landfill Gas Sequestered Biogenic Inorganic Fossil Solid Waste Landfill O2O CO 2

Recycling Energy Savings Recycling Energy Savings Translates into Indirect GHG Reductions !!* *But who gets the credit?

Who gets GHG Credit for Recycling? Govern- ment? Consumers? Collectors/ Processors? Manufact- urers?

Waste Management/Recycle America – 2005 Recycling Benefits In 2005, we recycled 4.1 million tons of cardboard and paper; 967,000 tons of glass; 967,000 tons of glass; 229,000 tons of plastics; 57,000 tons of steel cans; and 30,000 tons of aluminum. 70 Million Mature Trees 1.6 Billion Gallons of Oil 19.3 Billion Kw-Hrs of Electricity 18.5 Million Cubic Yards Of Landfill Airspace 29 Billion Gallons of Water 100 Million Gallons of Gasoline Avoided 3.4 Million Metric Tons (MTCE) of GHG Emissions

Positive GHG Messages for Waste Industry Waste-Related Emissions are small, < 1-3% Progress to date has been Significant –50 – 80% reduction in GHG emissions –Increased recycling rates –Landfill Gas Controls (75% 90+% capture!!!!) –Increased conversion to energy –Alternative fueled vehicles Landfill Sequestration? We hope so!!! Opportunities for further Waste-to-Energy

Overall GHG Reductions for Solid Waste Management – All Sources MMTCE Avoided Technology Path Actual Technology Path MMTCE

WM’s Contributions to GHG Reduction 1.Collection and Destruction of LF Methane 2.CH 4 Emission Oxidation in LF cover materials 3.LFGTE and WTE Plants to displace fossil fuels 4.Development of LFG to LNG Technology 5.Development of Bioreactor Landfill Technology 6.Development of Waste-to-Energy Partnerships 7.Advanced Vehicle Technology for Alt fuels/Hybrids 8.Increased Recyclable Material Recovery 9.Upstream Services Waste Reduction Services 10.Carbon Sequestration and LF Forestry

What is WM Doing About GHGs Now? Federal Reporting – DOE 1605(b) –Total Emission reductions over 10 years = 197 MMTCO2E from >200 WM LFG projects –LFG emissions: Landfill Cover Methane Reduction? Yes, but how much? Credit for Landfill Sequestration? Yes, but who gets it? –New Rules: Entity-wide US -- not project specific –Future? May not participate Not ready for entity-wide US reporting yet Voluntary GHG Reductions – CCX –6% reduction for

What is WM Doing About GHGs Now? Carbon Neutrality Donations –2002 Winter Olympics –2004 Houston Super Bowl –2006 Harvard Business School – Offset Match !! Reporting to Shareholders –Report WM Initiatives to Carbon Disclosure Project –Dow Jones Sustainability Index for 2005 & 2006 –2006 Inaugural WM Social Sustainability Report California Climate Action Registry –WM first SW company to join –Pending Development of SW Protocols –First CA-wide report for 2006 by Aug Climate Neutral !! }

In Summary... It’s going to be another busy and interesting  More Emphasis on GHGs  GHGs will Drive Recycling and Waste Reduction Initiatives  Protocol for Assessing GHG Recycling Credits?  New models for LFG emissions  GHG controls will maximize capture & use of landfill gas  Credit for LF sequestration?  Waste-to-Energy Revitalized  Push for alternative fuel trash trucks & LFG to fuel  All together now:“Think Green, Think Waste Management”