Regulation of pollution sources in some EU-countries Hans-Roland Lindgren Swedish EPA

Content of the presentation Present and planned regulation for large pollution sources in the EU, short overview What is regulated by the directives in the EU Presentation on how some EU countries have regulated large, medium and small pollution sources

EU-directives applicable on large pollution source The Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive (IPPC) Titanium dioxide directives (82/883/EEC, 92/112/EEC Diretive on volatile organic compunds (1999/13/EC) The waste incineration directive (2000/76/EC) The large combustion plant directive (2008/1/EC)

A new directive is under way A new industrial emission directive is under way merging all the directives mentioned above The Council of Ministers agreed on a text during the autumn 2009 The EU Parliament will discuss the text during the spring 2010 Some new provisions are included in the new directive

Some of the news Some possibilities to set conditions not associated with BAT as temporary derogations for testing of new techniques Baseline information on quality of soil and ground water More stringent emission values for some combustion plants than in the present large combustion plant directive

What is regulated in the EU The EU directives establish the minimum requirements for the EU countries The EU does not prescribe any institutional structure or process to be used for permitting. EU has no directives for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) except the cases where a member country consider an installation cover by the mentioned directives to be a SME

Belgium Permitting is a competence of the regions The Flanders region uses integrated permitting both for large and SME sources Permits issued in Flanders use a combination of general conditions, sectorial conditions and installation specific conditons

Germany In Germany the Länder are in charge of permitting Germany rely to a large extent on general binding rules (standards) both for large and SME sources. TA-Luft and the Abwasserverordnung specify the minimum requirements A federal permitting procedure law specify how all media requirements should be merged for IPPC-installations

Finland The three regions are responsible for permitting for large sources (~2000) Thirteen regional environmental centers issue permit for medium size installations (about ~4000) Over 400 municipalities are in charge of permits for small installations (~ ) All permits are integrated. The number of IPPC installations are ~880

The Netherlands The institutional setup and split of responsibility is so complicated that it cannot be shortly described (see my paper) installations need site specific integrated permits The rest ~ are regulated by cross sector binding rules The number of IPPC-installations are ~2 500

Sweden Permitting is split is split on five environmental courts and 21 regional County Administrative Boards (CAB) The courts issue permits for ~ 500 large and the CABs for ~ medium sized installations. All permits are integrated Small installations need to notify the local authorities who could prescribe conditions General binding rules are used for a small number of sectors The number of IPPC-installations are about 800

The UK In the UK permitting is split on England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland The permitting differ somewhat between those parts of the UK In England and Wales permitting for large and some medium sized installations on the A1 list is a duty the Environment Agency (~7 000 of which ~ 4000 IPPC) A2 list installtion get integrated permits from local authorities B list instaltions only need air emission permits from local authorities

Conclusions Classification of large, medium and small size installations differ in the EU countries and does not follow the IPPC-model Integrated permitting is use for the extremes from all installations or just for the minimum required by the IPPC-directive The degree of decetralisations of permitting differs between different EU-countries