COMMUNICABLE & NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES

COMMUNICABLE DISEASES O DISEASE THAT IS SPREAD FROM ONE LIVING ORGANISM TO ANOTHER OR THROUGH THE ENVIRONMENT O PATHOGEN-ORGANISM THAT CAUSES DISEASES O INFECTION—OCCURS WHEN THE PATHOGENS ENTER THE BODY, MULTIPLY & DAMAGE CELLS O DISEASE—OCCURS IF THE BODY IS NOT ABLE TO FIGHT THE INFECTION

TYPES OF PATHOGENS O VIRUSES—PIECE OF GENETIC MATERIAL SURROUNDED BY A PROTEIN COAT --INVADE CELLS IN ORDER TO REPRODUCE --ANTIBIOTICS DO NOT WORK AGAINST VIRUSES, NEED TO RUN THEIR COURSE --COLD AND FLU MOST COMMON

PATHOGENS CONTINUED O BACTERIA—SINGLE-CELLED MICROORGANISMS THAT LIVE ALMOST EVERYWHERE ON EARTH --MOST ARE HARMLESS, SOME ESSENTIAL --MULTIPLY THROUGH CELL DIVISION --CAN PRODUCE A TOXIN, A SUBSTANCE THAT KILLS CELLS OR INTERFERES WITH THEIR FUNCTION --MOST CAN BE TREATED WITH ANTIBIOTICS

PATHOGENS CONT. O FUNGI—PLANTLIKE ORGANISMS, CAUSE DISEASES OF SKIN, MUCOUS MEMBRANES, AND LUNGS O PROTOZOANS—SINGLE-CELLED MICROORGANISMS THAT ARE LARGER & MORE COMPLEX THAN BACTERIA O RICKETTSIAS—RESEMBLE BACTERIA, BEHAVE LIKE VIRUSES, OFTEN ENTER BODY THROUGH INSECT BITES

TRANSMISSION OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES O DIRECT CONTACT: TOUCHING, BITING, KISSING, AND SEXUAL CONTACT, SNEEZING & COUGHING CAN SPRAY INFECTIOUS DROPLETS OF SALIVA OR MUCUS, PUNCTURES, PREGNANT WOMAN PASSING AN INFECTION TO HER UNBORN CHILD THROUGH THE PLACENTA

TRANSMISSION CONT. O INDIRECT CONTACT: 1) CONTAMINATED OBJECTS 2) VECTORS—TICKS, FLIES, MOSQUITOES 3) WATER & FOOD O AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION—PATHOGENS MAY FLOAT IN THE AIR FOR A LONG TIME AND TRAVEL LONG DISTANCES

HOW CAN YOU PROTECT YOURSELF? O HANDWASHING—SINGLE MOST EFFECTIVE STRATEGY FOR PREVENTING SPREAD OF DISEASE O HANDLING FOOD PROPERLY O EAT A BALANCED DIET O AVOID SHARING EATING UTENSILS, MAKEUP. COMBS, BRUSHES AND OTHER PERSONAL ITEMS

PROTECTION CONT. O PREPARE AND STORE FOOD SAFELY O AVOID UNNECESSARY CONTACT WILL PEOPLE WHO ARE ILL O COVER YOUR MOUTH WHEN YOU COUGH OR SNEEZE O USE MOSQUITO REPELLENT, AVOID CONTACT WITH DEAD BIRDS O PRACTICE ABSTINENCE FROM SEXUAL ACTIVITY O LEARN TO MANAGE STRESS O IMMUNIZATIONS

NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE O DISEASE THAT IS NOT TRANSMITTED BY ANOTHER PERSON, VECTOR, OR ENVIRONMENT O SOME ARE CALLED “LIFESTYLE DISEASES” O EXAMPLES: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, CANCER, ALLERGIES, ASTHMA, DIABETES, ARTHRITIS

LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH IN U.S. O ADULTS O HEART DISEASE O TEENS O CAR ACCIDENTS