Statistical graphics for publication – easy ways to meet requirements for high resolution Jim Flewelling Growth Model Users Group February 11, 2008

OUTLINE Resolution specifications Resolution specifications Advice: Ignore the specifications Advice: Ignore the specifications Graphics Files & Software Graphics Files & Software Create and View Bitmaps Create and View Bitmaps References References Learn from my mistakes!

Resolution Specifications The preferred resolution of all graphs (when printed) is 600 to 1200 dots per inch; the minimum acceptable resolution is 300 dpi.

Advice (short and sweet) “If you are producing an EPS file, you don’t need to pay attention to dpi at all.” “dpi is a completely misleading term”. It refers to how many pixels per inch are used in printing. - Systat Software Inc.

Problem and Advice Graphics software often has unstated resolution. Graphics software often has unstated resolution. Output file types with stated resolution may be as low as 96 dpi. Output file types with stated resolution may be as low as 96 dpi. Use vector output formats (no resolution): Use vector output formats (no resolution): Encapsulated postscript (.eps) Encapsulated postscript (.eps) Enhanced Metafile (.emf) Enhanced Metafile (.emf) Use scalable fonts (preferably postscript). Use scalable fonts (preferably postscript). Convert to TIFF only if needed. Convert to TIFF only if needed.

Example with SPSS 15 SPSS output (can be edited or exported)

.eps dropped into PowerPoint

SPSS created bitmap (.bmp)

.eps converted to 600 dpi bitmap Windows metafile or SPSS direct paste would look the same.

Conversion Software (.eps to.bmp or.tiff) Photoshop (Expensive, compresses) Photoshop (Expensive, compresses) GSview is a graphical interface for Ghostscript under MS-Windows, OS/2 and GNU/Linux. Ghostscript is an interpreter for the PostScript page description language used by laser printers. GSview is a graphical interface for Ghostscript under MS-Windows, OS/2 and GNU/Linux. Ghostscript is an interpreter for the PostScript page description language used by laser printers. MS PAINT can be used to view the bitmap files. MS PAINT can be used to view the bitmap files. Or COPY.eps file to PS printer; use magnifying glass. Or COPY.eps file to PS printer; use magnifying glass.

Gsview (Ghostgum Software) Converts PostScript or PDF to bitmaps, PostScript or PDF. Converts PostScript or PDF to bitmaps, PostScript or PDF. Extracts a range of pages to be copied from a PostScript document. Extracts a range of pages to be copied from a PostScript document. PS to EPS allows the bounding box to be updated and allows the header to be changed from PS to EPS. PS to EPS allows the bounding box to be updated and allows the header to be changed from PS to EPS. EPS Preview adds a bitmap preview to an EPS file. (publisher may require this) EPS Preview adds a bitmap preview to an EPS file. (publisher may require this) Extracts the PostScript or Preview from a DOS EPS file. Extracts the PostScript or Preview from a DOS EPS file. Edit | Convert to vector format uses pstoedit to convert PostScript or PDF to an editable vector format. Edit | Convert to vector format uses pstoedit to convert PostScript or PDF to an editable vector format. Edit | Text Extract uses pstotext to extract text from a PostScript or PDF document. Edit | Text Extract uses pstotext to extract text from a PostScript or PDF document. Edit | Copy copies the display bitmap to the clipboard. Edit | Paste To copies a clipboard DIB bitmap to a file. Edit | Copy copies the display bitmap to the clipboard. Edit | Paste To copies a clipboard DIB bitmap to a file. Edit | Convert Bitmap converts a clipboard DIB bitmap to a clipboard device dependent bitmap. Edit | Convert Bitmap converts a clipboard DIB bitmap to a clipboard device dependent bitmap.

References SYSTAT - SIGMAPLOT. SYSTAT - SIGMAPLOT. SAS TS-674. Introduction to exporting SAS/Graph output to Microsoft office. Support.sas.com/techsup/technote/ts674/ts674.html SAS TS-674. Introduction to exporting SAS/Graph output to Microsoft office. Support.sas.com/techsup/technote/ts674/ts674.html Elsevier “for authors” file formats Elsevier “for authors” file formats Ghostview. pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/ Ghostview. pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/

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