Classifying Matter 8/26

Mixture vs. Pure Substance Matter Pure Substance ElementCompound Mixture HeterogeneousHomogeneous

PURE SUBSTANCES

Pure Substances Pure Substance- Constant and uniform throughout (atom or molecule)  1 type of something AtomMolecule Atom- Single element (Cannot be broken into smaller parts) – Elements (ex. Au, H, Ne) – Where can you find a list of elements? HOFBrINCl Molecule- 2 or more atoms put together

Molecules/Compounds Compound- more than one type of element in a molecule (ex. NaCl) Can be separated into elements The properties of compounds can be much different than the properties of just the elements – For example : NaCl +

These elements combine with each other during a chemical reaction They combine in a fixed proportion (Law of Definite Proportion)-they bind the same way every time! – Examples – NaCl, H 2 O, Fe(NO 3 ) 3 +

Fun Fact Today, there are approximately 10 million known compounds, and new compounds continue to be developed and discovered at the rate of about per year. There appears to be no limit to the number of compounds that can be made or that will be discovered.

Which are elements and which are compounds?

Allotrope Allotrope-forms of an element in the same physical state but have different structures – Example: Diamonds and Graphite (forms of Solid Carbon)

MIXTURES

Mixtures Mixture- A blend or combination of two or more pure substances Not chemically combined!!!!! Variable compositions (not uniform and unchanging) – Granite-Candy

Heterogeneous Mixture heterogeneous mixture – you can actually see a difference / does not blend smoothly throughout – Examples: Sand & Water, Salt & Pepper, a bag of M&Ms

Homogeneous Mixture homogeneous mixture - you cannot see a difference; it always has a single phase – Examples: Salt water: H 2 O + NaCl Air: N 2 + O 2 + CO 2 Mixture with no visibly different parts

Solution A homogeneous mixture is also known as a solution!

Alloy Alloy- a homogeneous mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and a nonmetal in which the metal substance is the major component – Examples: Steel, Brass

Classify Mixtures – Homogeneous – Heterogeneous pure substances – elements – compounds Draw a picture, similar to the pictures above, that represents a compound

Practice chers/Dana/Matter.html chers/Dana/Matter.html

Create a Matter Concept Map Work with your partner to create your very own concept map. (Bubble map) – Be Creative – Use Color – Use Pictures

In this activity you will create a concept map that diagrams the relationships among the following ideas: AirWater CarbonSolution Chocolate chip cookieSoil CompoundSodium Chloride (Salt) ElementSalt Water HeterogeneousPure HomogeneousOxygen MixtureMatter