1 FEM 4101 MOTIVATION AND HUMAN ACHIEVEMENT

2 ZARINAH ARSHAT CONSULTATION : Wed 2- 4pm, Fri 10am-12pm ROOM : A104, Department of Human Development and Family Studies PHONE :

3 INTRODUCTION TO FEM 4101 COURSE OBJECTIVES ASSESSMENT COURSE CONTENT REFERENCES

4 Course objective 1 –Explaining the relationships between emotions, motivation, behavior and human achievement Course objective 2 –Comparing various of theories related to motivation and human achievement INTRODUCTION TO FEM 4101

5 Course objective 3 –Designing motivation programs to increase human potential of group Synopsis –Please refer to your h/out INTRODUCTION TO FEM 4101

6 Course Contents Motivation concept and principle Component of motivation Themes of contemporary motivation theories Theories on learning, motivation and human achievement INTRODUCTION TO FEM 4101

7 Course Contents Psychological theories, motivation and human achievement Cognitive theories, motivation and human achievement Theories on life-goal, motivation and human achievement INTRODUCTION TO FEM 4101

8 Course Contents Emotion, motivation and behavior Development of motivation and self- control Formation of motivation programs and human achievement INTRODUCTION TO FEM 4101

9 References Please refer to your h/out and updated list of references will be announced form time to time INTRODUCTION TO FEM 4101

10 Assessment –Test 120% (week 5 – 7/2/2011) –Assignment 1 Report 15% Presentation 5% –Assignment 2 (SCL)20% –Final40% INTRODUCTION TO FEM 4101

11 QUESTIONS Have you ever found it hard to do something that needed to be done? Have you ever had a hard time getting others to do or accomplish necessary tasks? Would you like to take charge of your own life or help others take charge of theirs?

12 MOTIVATION The difference or gap between what needs to be done and what is not being done can be closed using motivation.

13 MOTIVATION What is motivation? Why you need to know what is motivation?

14 MOTIVATION Think of one or more significant others whom you would consider to be your source of motivation. How this people motivate you?

15 Motivation is the characteristic that helps you achieve your goal. Psychologists define motivation as an internal process that activates, guides, and maintains behavior over time. MOTIVATION

16 Motivation originates from a variety of sources (need, cognition, and emotions) Internal processes energize and direct behavior in multiple way (starting, sustaining, intensifying, focusing, and stopping the particular behavior) Motivation can vary in both intensity and direction. MOTIVATION

17 WHAT IS ACHIEVEMENT?...according to Murray's list of basic human need "achievement is described as to overcome obstacle, and attain a high standard or to rival and surpass others or to strive and to master"...is the driving force to do well relative to a standard of excellence (McClelland, Atkinson, Clark, & Lowell, 1953)

18 Examples of self-related standard of excellence: –Performing batter then done previously, as in exceeding last semester's GPA Examples of other-related standard of excellence - Performing better than other person or a group of other, as in making higher grades then your other coursemate/ roomate/housemate WHAT IS ACHIEVEMENT?

19 However, note that “standards of excellence are double-edged swords” The tendency to APPROCH a standard of excellence OR to overcome the Tendency to AVOID it Anticipating anxiety, fear, defensiveness may lead to avoid or withdraw from standards of excellence Anticipating pride and gratification may lead to approach standard of excellence WHAT IS ACHIEVEMENT?

20 RESEARCH ON MOTIVATION There are two distinct approaches to the study of motivation. –First is a product of academic, experimental procedures, –Second is an outgrowth of clinical, non- experimental methods.

21 All investigators in this field are guided by a single basic question, namely, Why do organisms think and behave as they do? Quantitative and qualitative measurement of human achievement, for eg. –Hermans (1970) Prestatic Motivation Test (PMT) –Jackson (1974) Personal Research Form (PRF) RESEARCH ON MOTIVATION

22 What does the research on motivation tell us? The research on motivation defines motivation as an orientation toward a goal. (This orientation may be positive, negative, or ambivalent.) Motivation provides a source of energy that is responsible for why learners decide to make an effort, how long they are willing to sustain an activity, how hard they are going to pursue it, and how connected they feel to the activity.

23 Much of the research on motivation has confirmed the fundamental principle of causality: motivation affects effort, effort affects results, positive results lead to an increase in ability. What does the research on motivation tell us?

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