Do Now: Roll the marble to your elbow buddy. What are 2 things you can change about the motion of a rolling marble? Record your ideas in your new packet p 0.

Motion

SWBAT: explain when an object is in motion and how it is in motion relative to a reference point Vocabulary: Motion: an object is in motion when its distance from another object is changing

Reference point Sometimes it is not so easy to tell if something is moving – we are always moving

Relative Motion Am I moving? Compared to the tree? Compared to the windshield?

Reference point reference point: a reference point is a place or object used for comparison to determine if something is moving Measuring motion always depends on a reference point

Do Now: Make a ramp with the yellow bin and the piece of wood. Race two objects down the ramp. Which object rolls faster? How can you tell?

Speed Speed = distance in one unit of time Speed = distance / time Speed does not have to be FAST!

Do Now 1.How do you know an object is in motion? 2. Which is faster, a runner who moves 100 meters in 10 seconds, or a runner who moves 100 meters in 20 seconds? How do you know?

Speed Time in sec Distance in m Do NOW: Using what you learned yesterday write 2 sentences about this graph.

Velocity velocity = the speed and the direction of an object’s movement

Velocity We use meters per second (m/s) to measure distance mm: 1,000mm = 1 m _ Cm: 100 cm = 1m ______ Km: 1000 m = 1 km ___________________________________etc

DO NOW Use the words speed, distance, and time. Tell me about the relationship of speed to distance if the time stays the same. As distance traveled increases, speed ____________. As speed increases, distance traveled ____________.

Velocity velocity = the speed and the direction of an object’s movement

Acceleration SWBAT describe what happens to the motion of an object as it accelerates, SWBAT define and identify acceleration

Acceleration Acceleration: rate of velocity change in either speed or direction. Acceleration can be increasing speed, decreasing speed or change of direction. Acceleration= (final v – initial v) / time

Acceleration – change in speed or direction

Acceleration? Yes or NO?

Brain pop

Poem Use the words speed, velocity and acceleration in a poem. Make sure it shows you know the meaning of each term. Other words to use, motion, rate, change

Do Now: Look at an object on your desk that is not in motion. Can you change its motion? Record how you did it in your notebook. Once it is in motion, can you change its motion? How? Record your observations.

Forces Force: a push or a pull Includes STRENGTH and DIRECTION

Net Forces Net force: overall force on an object after all forces are added together, If Net force is not zero it is unbalanced force An unbalanced force acting on an object will change an object’s motion

Balanced Forces BALANCED FORCES: equal forces acting in opposite directions A balanced force will not change an object’s direction

Tug-O-War Draw a diagram of what happened in our game. Be sure to label the forces for each team with arrows. Was the force balanced or unbalanced? Was there a net force? Was there motion? Which direction? How could we make it a balanced force? Thinking question 1: what other forces are acting on us in this game? Thinking question 2: what properties make force bigger?

SWBAT: State Newton’s first law of motion, and define inertia Inertia: the tendency of an object to resist change in motion Newton’s first law of motion states that an object in motion will remain in motion and an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

Mrs. Levin video

FORCE Force depends on both mass and acceleration Force is measured in Newtons Force = Mass x Acceleration F= M x A

Newton’s Second Law of Motion Force depends on mass and acceleration Force = Mass x Acceleration F= M x A Force is measured in Newtons (N)

DO NOW When you go sledding, what force makes you slide down the hill? What force stops you? Would you go as far if there wasn’t any snow on the hill? Why?

Friction and Gravity Friction and gravity are two forces that affect nearly all motion What determines the strength of the force of friction?

Do Now: Place the wooden block on top of the board on one of the strips of material. While you gently hold the block in place, have a partner pull the board out from under the block so the block slides along the strip, not across – don’t rip the strips. Does the material make a difference in how hard your partner needs to pull? Switch jobs with your partners.

Friction Force in N (p. 27) BoardSandpaperRubberCork Wooden block Block with weight 1.Tilt board. 2.Slide wooden block up board. Measure and record force in Newtons(N). 3.Hook metal weight on top of block 4.Slide both up board. Measure and record force in N. 5.What 2 factors affect friction?

What determines the strength of the force of friction? The type of the two surfaces The force which they are pressed together (how hard they rub) Wheels, wax and oil reduce friction Heat is produced as a result of friction – some mechanical energy turns into thermal energy coming-home-from-space-space-shuttle- reentry-video.htm

Gravity Line up a penny and quarter on top of a ruler at the side of your desk. Have one observer watch the floor. Another observer watches the ruler. Tip the ruler so that both the penny and quarter fall at the same time. Which hits first? (You may have to try it several times.)

Gravity All objects put a gravitational force on other objects. The more mass the object has the more gravitational force. (That’s why we feel the earth’s and moon gravity but you can’t feel the gravity of your pencil) Mass does not affect the acceleration of gravity. Air resistance does affect rate of acceleration.

Exit coming-home-from-space-space-shuttle- reentry-video.htm

Do now: Line up 5 marbles in the pencil groove on top of your desk. Roll another marble along the groove, hitting the 5 marbles on end. Observe. Do it again but now roll 2 marbles together into the 5. Observe what happens. How can you use Newton’s laws to explain your observation?

Newton’s 3 rd law For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction If an object exerts a force on a 2nd object the 2 nd object exerts and equal and opposite force on the first object

Do Now: Explain the Cartoon

Newton’s 3 rd Law of Motion For every action there is an EQUAL and OPPOSITE reaction

Hammer

The 2 persons are pushing each other on ice. (so no outside force). The grandma has twice the mass (inertia) as the little girl. Are they going to feel the same force ? according to what law ? Are they going to move as fast ? Which one is going to move faster ?

Use Newton’s 3 rd law to describe why the girl ended up in the water

How does this show Newton’s 3 rd law