Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design Haymaker, Law, Gane, Flager, Shkolnik April 26, 2007 CIFE Research Proposal ArchitectureEngineeringComputer Sciences

Research Motivation 2 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design The economic and environmental impacts of buildings in the U.S.: EnergyRaw materials Can we do better? Total building consumption Impact determined by initial design Best practice reduction Key 35% buildings30% buildings (USGBC, 2007)

Limitations of Current Practice 3 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design  schedule constraints → limited use in conceptual design  current methods → few options generated & analyzed We have the tools:

Benchmarking Current AEC Practice 4 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design GENERATEANALYZEDECIDE Construct Geometry Add analytical properties Run Analysis Evaluate Design Coordinate Design Optimize Design Evaluate Program Choose Design Theme / Goals Construct Geometry - Automated Process - Semi-automated Process - Manual Process Conceptual / Schematic Design METRICS - Specification - Management - Execution Process Duration (WEEKS) 7wks 5wks.. # iterations 20wks - 2.6

Analysis Framework (metrics) 5 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design MDA TasksDefinitions Specification Tasks (Processes) Determine what needs to be done and who does it? Schemas (Information) Determine what information is used and produced? Execution Generate options & perform analyses Management Integration Exchange information between processes Communication Exchange information between people Coordination Respond to conflicts and changes

Boeing MDA Process 6 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design GENERATEANALYZEDECIDE Conceptual / Schematic Design METRICS - Specification - Management - Execution Process Duration (WEEKS) 6wks 4wks.. # iterations 20wks - 6 (initial) - 4 (reuse) 28wks 1.5hrs.. # iterations 20wks - 28 (initial) hrs (reuse) MDO Legacy Construct Geometry Add analytical properties Run Analysis Evaluate Design Coordinate Design Optimize Design Evaluate Program Choose Design Theme / Goals Construct Geometry - Automated Process - Semi-automated Process - Manual Process

PIDO Implementation - Aerospace Industry 7 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design Take-off gross weight ratio (TOGW) Excess Propellant Fraction Design Variables selected for vehicle optimisation Hypersonic baseline vehicle versus optimized shape - Improved TOGW by a 39% margin despite an increase in drag

Research Tasks 8 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design TaskMethod 1Benchmark current MDA1.1 Directed interview 2Generate options 2.1 Directed interview 2.2 Parametric modeling 3Integrate MDA processes 3.1 Directed interview 3.2 Evaluate data schema interoperability 3.3 Implement chosen data schema 3.4 Integrate entire iteration 4Process automation and optimization 4.1 Commercial Process Integration Design Optimization (PIDO) software

1. Benchmark Current MDA 9 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design ProjectCompany Services Stanford Graduate School of Business Engineering (all disciplines) Jinta Tower – Tianjin, China Architecture, Eng (Structural, MEP) Case Studies: ARUP & SOM Deliverables:  Current MDA process diagram and metrics

2. Generate Options - Parametric Modeling 10 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design Victor Gane, SOM Forest Flager, ARUP Deliverables:  Parametric MDA modeling methodology  Parametric case study implementation and metrics

3. Integrate MDA Processes - Task & Schema 11 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design  IFC: Industry Foundation Classes  BPEL: Business Process Execution Language  XML: eXtensible Markup Language (aecXML, gbXML, …)  Narratives (Haymaker 2004) Deliverables:  Evaluation of existing data schemas  Data schema case study implementation and metrics

4. Process Automation & Optimization - PIDO 12 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design Integration & Automation of Processes  Design, analysis and other tools Design Space Study  Design of experiments, optimization, etc… Steel_Weight Daylight 65% 80% 100% Lease_Span 49ft 35ft 55ft Steel Weight Optimization Bottom_Radius 181ft 181ft 180ft 210ft Middle_Radius 197ft 197ft 195ft 225ft Top_Radius 172ft 172ft 165ft 195ft Deliverables:  Reusable process for two case studies  PIDO case study implementation and metrics

Schedule, Deliverables 13 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design Quarter 1Quarter 2Quarter 3 Benchmark current MDA Parametric modeling Data schema implementation (entire iteration)  Current MDA process diagram and metrics  Evaluation of existing data schemas Evaluate data schema interoperability  Reusable process for two case studies  PIDO case study implementation and metrics  Journal paper  CIFE Member ICE-Charrette  Parametric MDA modeling methodology  Parametric case study implementation and metrics  Data schema case study implementation and metrics Research Tasks Deliverables Process automation and optimization

PhD students Victor Gane – (3 Quarters) Alex Shkolnik – (3 Quarters) Forest Flager – (3 Quarters) (SGF) Programmer – 20 hrs / week (3 Quarters) Haymaker – 1% Law – 1% Total: $125,000  Offer CIFE members methodology implementation on their projects  Approach participating companies (SOM / ARUP) for increased support  Work provides cornerstone for Haymaker NSF career proposal Funding Future

Relationship to CIFE goals 15 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design Schedule performance Significant reduction in MDA iteration time Cost conformance Accurate quantity take-offs for cost estimation Sustainability Early stage MDA decision-making based on simulation of building performance 2015 VDC implementation Formalization of parametric methods & PIDO implementation Integration 4 analyses (floor plate efficiency, daylight, structure & air flow) Automation Use PIDO to automate current AEC practice to > 30% 2010

Questions

POD’s: Other Methodologies 17 Strategic Integration and Automation of Conceptual Design  Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) - An product design and management software - Primarily used in manufacturing industries  Semantic Integration (KIF, PIF & PSL)  Business Process Management (BPM) - Heterogeneous process specification and workflow management - Multi-organizational process oriented Future work: Map solutions within PLM and BPM to AEC design practice