Environmental Profiling and EN15804 EPDs Andrew Dutfield Centre for Sustainable Products Flooring Sustainability Partnership 14th March 2013

Overview of Presentation The Environmental Profiling Process Cross listing against existing certificates Listing on Green Book Live EN15804 EPD

How BREEAM Assessments feed through to the product level Generic Building Type Commercial Education Healthcare Retail (fashion and durability) Residential Industrial Building level (element specification) Ground floor Upper floor Roof External wall Window Internal Wall Floor finishes Insulation Landscaping Product level (product specification) Cradle to grave life cycle assessment using BRE Environmental Profiles Methodology

Overview of BREEAM credits

BREEAM Materials Credits Name Max no credits available Mat 01 Life Cycle Impacts 6 Mat 02 Hard landscaping & Boundary Protection 1 Mat 03 Responsible Sourcing of Materials 3 Mat 04 Insulation 2 Mat 05 Designing for Robustness

BRE Environmental Profile Type III Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) based on following standards: ISO 14040:2006 and ISO 14044: 2006 Life Cycle Assessment ISO 14025: 2006 Type III Environmental Labels ISO 21930: 2007 Environmental Product Declarations for Construction Products

The BRE Global Environmental Profiles Process Application and Proposal Data collection Data review Verification site visit Producing the Environmental Profile Annual Verification Client and BRE Client BRE with Client support Certification only Client and BRE BRE Certification only Client and BRE

What’s behind an Environmental Profile? Factory Data Outputs Inputs Energy Transport Emissions Waste

Overview Deriving the underlying data: Life Cycle Assessment Cradle to grave Production Construction Use End of life

Overview Calculating a single indicator: Ecopoints Impacts Analysis Normalisation Weighting Ecopoints

BRE Impact Categories Units Climate change Kg CO2 eq. (100 yr) Water extraction m3 water extracted (gross) Mineral resource extraction Tonnes of mineral extracted Stratospheric ozone depletion Kg CFC-11 eq. Human toxicity Kg 1,4 dichlorobenzene (1,4-DB) eq. Ecotoxicity to fresh water Nuclear waste (higher level) mm3 high level waste Ecotoxicity to land Waste disposal Tonnes of solid waste Fossil fuel depletion MJ Eutrophication Kg phosphate (PO4) eq. Photochemical ozone creation Kg ethene (C2H4) eq. Acidification Kg sulphur dioxide (SO2) eq.

Normalisation The impact of one European citizen per year Environmental Issue Impact Climate Change 12.3 t CO2 eq. (100 yr) Water extraction 377m3 Mineral extraction 24.4 tonnes Stratospheric ozone depletion 0.217 kg CFC-11 eq. Human toxicity 19.7 t 1,4-DB eq. Ecotoxicity to fresh water 13.2 t 1,4-DB eq. Higher level nuclear waste 23700 mm3 Ecotoxicity to land 123 kg 1,4-DB eq. Waste disposal 3.75 tonnes Fossil fuel depletion 6.51 toe Eutrophication 32.5 kg PO4 eq. Photochemical ozone creation 21.5 kg C2H4 eq. Acidification 71.2 kg SO2 eq. The impact of one European citizen per year Allows direct comparison of impacts

Weightings Required to achieve relative importance Environmental Issue Weighting (%) Climate Change 21.6 Water extraction 11.7 Mineral extraction 9.8 Stratospheric ozone depletion 9.1 Human toxicity 8.6 Ecotoxicity to fresh water Higher level nuclear waste 8.2 Ecotoxicity to land 8.0 Waste disposal 7.7 Fossil fuel depletion 3.3 Eutrophication 3.0 Photochemical ozone creation 0.20 Acidification 0.05 Required to achieve relative importance ..and for a single score Created by a panel of 10 European experts. Peer reviewed Geographically specific to Europe Basis of BRE Ecopoints 100 Ecopoints = impact of 1 EU citizen per year

How Ecopoints transfer to A+ to E ratings Functional unit D m2 C B A A+ Point of installation

Ecopoint scale Different scale of ecopoints for each building element, and sometimes different scales for each building type Based on generic profiles Healthcare A+ A B C D E Offices A+ A B C D E Education A+ A B C D E Ecopoints per m2

What do you get from an Environmental Profile? Certificate Environmental Product Declaration Environmental Profiles Report

What don’t you get from an Environmental Profile? Qualitative Impacts - Responsible sourcing - Social impacts Economic Impacts - Life cycle costing Physical Properties - Thermal properties - Acoustic properties Emissions In-situ IAQ and VOCs

Benefits of an Environmental Profile Green Guide Rating can be used to compare: Materials with similar functions Specifications with similar functions Building designs over their expected lifetimes Credits in BREEAM Product differentiation Competitive advantage Open new markets

Cross-listing against Existing Certificates Criteria for cross-listing: The product to be cross-listed against must have an existing Environmental Profile Certification. The product to be cross-listed must have no additional manufacturing by the owner or by the company buying in the product. (It is the same product that has been certified e.g. re-branded with a different name) Cross listing is dependent upon valid certification of original product.

Future Update to EN 15804 BRE Methodology update/alignment ISO 21930 ISO 14040 14044 14025 superseded EN 15804

EN 15804 BRE Methodology update/alignment Cradle to grave (Optional) Cradle to gate with options (Optional) (Optional) Cradle to gate Production A 1 - 3 Construction A 4 - 5 Use B 1 - 7 End of life C 1 - 4 Reuse Recycling Recovery D

Manufacturer-specific product Variants of EPD Average product Or Manufacturer-specific product Product range Product-specific Declared unit Functional unit Business to business Business to consumer

Creating an EPD Data collection Data review LCA, modelling Verification Publication of EPD

Creating an EPD Data collection Data review LCA, modelling Verification Publication of EPD Client (and LCA Practitioner) LCA Practitioner, with client support LCA Practitioner Independent verifier Programme Operator

What does an EPD contain? As required by the Standards: Owner, operator, validity Type of EPD, information modules covered Product details Scenarios, calculations & results Any other relevant product information

but currently excludes toxicity… Results of LCA Damage to environment Climate Change, Acidification, Eutrophication, etc. Waste & other output flows Hazardous waste, Materials for reuse and energy recovery, etc. Resource use Renewable and non-renewable resources, Water consumption, etc. but currently excludes toxicity…

Information Transfer Matrix

Summary, aspects of note Ownership Comparability Usage scenarios Reference Service Life Verification Sample of BRE’s EN 15804 EPD:

Andrew Dutfield dutfielda@bre.co.uk Thank you Andrew Dutfield dutfielda@bre.co.uk