What does the term Gilded mean?

“Gilded Age” Corruption during Grant’s Administration ( ) Federal Government 1. Fisk, Gould – Gold Market Credit Mobilier “Whiskey Ring” Belknap and Indians 1876 Local Government “Boss Tweed” – Tammany Hall - Prime example of local corruption through political machine (Nast)

Election of 1872 Election of 1872 Liberal Republicans – Greely Democrats – Greely Republicans - Grant -Wins – Waving the Bloody Shirt Some reform in government “Like many American third parties, the Liberal Republicans left some enduring footprints, even in defeat” (American Pageant) How??? Election of 1868 Grant defeats Seymour Impact of Freedmen?

Hard Times 1. Over-expansion and bad loans 1873 – Economic Depression Banking Collapse Jay Cook Freedmens Savings and Loan 2. Soft Money (Inflation) Hard Money (Deflation) Debate Resumption Act of 1875 Crime of ’73 Bland Allison Act ’78’78 Greenback Labor Party ’78 3. Hayes Elected – Compromise 1877Compromise Great RR Strike 1877 – Hayes sends in federal troops

Spoils System and Garfield’s Assassination 8:30 Gilded Age Elections – Turnout? Issues? 1880 election Halfbreeds Stalwarts Garfield Assassination – Chester Arthur Pendleton Acts - Civil Service Reform Makes compulsory campaign contributions illegal - shifts source of campaign funds from party loyalists to corporations – begins civil service testing

Explain the meaning of the cartoon.

Ethnic Tensions Increase 8:40 Hard Times - look for a scapegoat West - Chinese Immigration Chinese Exclusion Act (Hayes veto Arthur signed ‘82) U.S. v Wong Kim Ark: Native Born = citizen South- Redeemer Governments gradually pass Jim Crow laws – disenfranchisement, segregation, lynching, sharecropping

1884 Election 8: Election 8:45 Cleveland v Blaine Mugwumps Rum Romanism and Rebellion Tariff Civil Service Mudslinging/ Mulligan letters v Ma Ma…

Cleveland’s Administration :55 Limited Gov’t - President as Executive – Bourbon Democrat Civil Service Reform? Tariff GAR Pensions Texas Farmers Dawes Act Haymarket Interstate Commerce Act Reacquisition of Railroad Land

Cleveland loses to Benjamin Harrison 1888 Issues 1888 Bloody Shirt Tariff Pensions for Civil War Veterans

Harrison’s Term 9:03 Billion Dollar Congress McKinley Tariff 1890 Sherman Anti-trust Act 1890 Sherman Silver Purchase Act 1890 Populist Party Formed 1890 Homestead Steel Strike(?) 1892

Cleveland’s Second Term Election of 1892 – Cleveland v Harrison v Weaver Election of 1892 Democratic Split Bourbon(Gold) v Silver Democrats Rise of Populists – Platform? Depression 1893 Silver Act Repealed! J.P. Morgan rescues the treasury Coxey’s Army Wilson-Gorman Tariff (income tax) Pullman Strike- 1894

Election of 1896 Republicans – McKinley – Gold Standard, Tariff, Mark Hanna Democrats – Split over silver Byran “Cross of Gold Speech” Some support McKinley Populists - Bryan

Farmers Organize Read Pageant Greenback Labor Party Grange Self Help - Cooperatives State Laws – Granger Laws Munn v Illinois Wabash v Illinois Federal Law ICA 1887

Formation of Populist Party Farmers Alliance – 1880s Segregated in South Mary Lease, Ignatius Donnelly Evolves into Populist Party - Platform Nationalize RR, Telephone and Telegraph Abolish national banks Graduated Income Tax Free and Unlimited coinage of silver – national currency Government Owned Crop Warehouses and loans for farmers Secret Ballot, Initiative, Referendum, Direct election of Senators and President 8 hour workday, some immigration restrictions 4. Populist Party Elections 92 Weaver 96 Bryan???

1896 Results McKinley Takes over Gold Discovered in Alaska Spanish American War Racism intensifies in the south Populist party ends