SHARJAH ELECTRICITY & WATER AUTHORITY 2014 By : Asma ali Hajar Saeed Hessa elshiba noura ali Shaima Juma

What is SEWA ? Sharjah Electricity And Water Authority (SEWA) is the providing services of electricity, water and natural gas to the residents of Sharjah city. It was established in the 1940 SEWA contain many departments such as : Electricity and Desalination Plants on Abu Moussa, Wasir Bu Nair and Al Zubair Islands Khorfakkan Electricity Generation and Water Desalination Plant Zulal Water Factory Al Layyah Electricity Generation and Water Desalination

Wasit Electricity Generation Plant Generate electricity only Contain 6 main departments Administration department Operation Room Planning department Electrical Maintenance Department (EMD) Instrument Maintenance Department (IMD) Mechanical Maintenance Department (MMD) Two main ways to generate power Diesel Power Generation Gas Power Generation. But other station can do also Steam Power Generation

Operation Room or Control

Gas Turbine Phases:. Total Power generated =1200 MW Phase 1 Phase 2 GT1, 2, 3 Phase 2 GT 4A,4B Phase 3 GT 5A, 5B Phase 4 GT 6A, 6B Phase 5 GT 7A, 7B Two Roiss Roiss Total Power generated =1200 MW

Gas Turbine Two type Frame 6 (10 compaction unite, Start motor work on diesel) Frame 9 (14 compaction unite, Start motor work on electrical) Frame 6 Frame 9

Gas Turbine Component: Filter Air dust Axial compressor filtering the air from humidity and dust Air dust clean the air Axial compressor Increase air pressure Combustion chamber Increase the volume of air by heating it Turbine Convert the thermal energy of gases in mechanical energy (as useful work on the rotor) Generator generate the power from mechanical to electrical Step up/ step down transformer SU increase the power while SD decrease the power. Starting Device give power to unit to start

Gas Turbine

Gas Turbine Elements for turbine running: Cooling Supplying fuel reduce the temperature of gas Supplying fuel Such as gas or diesel Atomizing air for combustion Its used to convert the liquid fuel into small drops to go into the CC

Gas turbine Starting the turbine: Electrical motor or diesel engine to start the unit as the routine reach 60% so the combustion chambers are fired. As the turbine speed is higher than the start engine speed the engine is disconnected and shut down. As the turbine reach the nominal speed, the unit is ready to be synchronized to the network so the starting is complete and the unit has reach full speed no load (FSNL).

Gas turbine Shutting Down: Normal shutdown Emergency shutdown (Trip) Manually operation by stop switch or some mechanical or regulation problem through protection devices Emergency shutdown (Trip) Depressing the emergency stop button or by some mechanical or regulation important problem through special devices. Trip is for two reason Human error Protection Actual (Ex. problem in the Vibration device) False (Ex. wrong reading from the Vibration device)

Cooling water System 3 1 4 2

Cooling water System process The water is stored in the tank which is distilled water The motor move the distilled water to two parts. Generator Oil temperature cooling and then to the atomizing air cooling So it will reduce the temperature for the two parts The water is joined from the two part and then go to the fans. The fans reduce the water temperature

Cooling down This step is Immediately following a shut down The turbine can be: Started loaded at any time during the cooling down cycle. The rotor is rotated to provide uniform cooling. prevents rotor from bowing, rubbing and imbalance.

Cool down operation: Start up : cool down on.( + execute). auxiliary oil pump AOP stars ( checks oil pressure 7 bar) lube oil heater pressure 1.3 bar. cooling water pump start ( pressure 4 bar). jacking oil pressure: 80 -100 bar. mist eliminator fan starts. BT fan will start. check the oil flow in all the view glass

Exhaust System The Exhaust systems have a fan. Exhaust systems are necessary to guide the exhaust flue gases and the toxic gases of the gas turbine into the atmosphere. It can cause to death.

Fire fighting system Most fires happens because of diesel leaking.

Electrical Maintenance Departments (EMD)

Generating Sequence F-6 F-9 RR BE TY 2x33MW – 11KV 8x109MW – 15KV Monitoring Frequency 50 Hz 400 V 230 V

Wasit Distribution Network SAJA1 SAJA2 SAJA3 SAJA4 220 KV GT 4B GT 5A X X X X 220 KV X ~ ~ ~ X X X X ~ ~ ~ 143 MVA 15/220 KV 282 MVA 302 MVA X X X X IB 220/132 KV GT 4B GT 5A GT 4A GT 5B GT 7A GT 7B GT 6A 15 KV 100MW GT 6B 2x75 MVA 15/ 6.6 KV 4MVA 132 KV X X X X X X X X IB 220/33 KV 3x75 MVA 33 KV X ~ ~ X ~ ~ X ~ X X X X X X X X GT1 30 MW GT2 30 MW GT3 20MW RR1 40MW RR2 40MW AZRA GHFA RMTA RMQ UMKR Generator 220 KV 132 KV 33KV

Electrical => Mechanical Mechanical => Electrical Motor Generator Electrical => Mechanical Mechanical => Electrical Consume => Electricity Produce => Power Consume => Power Produce => Electricity

Transformers Oil Filed Dry type High capacity Low Capacity For Volt Transfer

Breakers Air circuit breaker Oil circuit breaker Gas circuit breaker Work by Air Oil Gas Cost Low Medium Highest Specifications Large ( x10 ) Medium ( x2 ) Maintenance required Low size ( x1 ) No maintenance Efficient picture

Monitoring Start up Protection Cheap Monthly Maintenance Average cost No Maintenance Highest cost Yearly Maintenance

CFL (Compact Filament Lamp) LED ( Light Emitting Diode ) Lighting Filament lamp CFL (Compact Filament Lamp) LED ( Light Emitting Diode ) Consumption 100% ( Highest ) 40% ( Medium ) 10% ( Lowest ) Cost x1 ( Cheap ) x3 ( Average ) x8 ( Highest ) Picture

HDSV (high main sodium vapor) MHL (Metal halide lamp) Lighting HDSV (high main sodium vapor) Yellow As ,much as its high, it covers more area LED type HDMV (Mercury vapor) - White - Places where require more lights MHL (Metal halide lamp) White Used at workshops and for study FTL (fluorescent tube light) White , yellow Tube lights

Mechanical Maintenance Departments (MMD)

Mechanical Maintenance Departments (MMD) MMD: design and manufacturing, and installation, and operation of the engines, machinery, and manufacturing processes.

Gas system operation The two main valves : GCV: set for gas control valve. SRV: set for gas ratio valve. Operation: Gas come from SAJAA (yellow pipe) and goes directly to SRV & GCV , which take the gas to combustion chamber if they open. If any trip happen they will close and solenoid gas valve open to let the gas which located between them to go to the atmosphere.

Torque Converter operation Two motor to rotate the shaft: Turbine gear motor (88TG – 1, Turning gear) Cranking motor (88CR– 1) The torque converter transfer the speed from left side shaft to the right side shaft, if the left is running in 1000 rpm then the right should run at the same speed. Inside the torque converter there is two main things that transfer the speed between the motors Solenoid valve turbine unit (20TU – 1) Limit switch turbine control (33TC – 1) Both this thing are operate using oil wine the oil pass throw them they are connected and the operation starts.

Torque Converter

IGV operation IGV located before the compressor it take the air from filter and send 100% pure air which has no dust or moisture for compressor. If the IGV open with 34 degree it has zero loads (zero speed) the turbine not rotating. When the degree reaches 56 degree the chamber is firing this mean that it’s full speed with 3000 rpm.

IGV operation

Instrument Maintenance Departments (IMD)

Instrument Maintenance Departments (IMD) IMD: reading the valves from the Gages is a converter that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal Sensors that detect the presence of operators near hazardous machines of facilitates. measure temperature by correlating the resistance of the RTD element with temperature. Measure the temperature How many rpm Detect the level of the valve Indicate the position of the valve Detect the gas

GCV and SRV instruments Solenoid valve fuel gas control (20FGC – 1) SRV Solenoid valve fuel gas start (20FGS – 1) Solenoid valve gas (20VG – 1) Release the gas that is between SRV & GCV Pressure Transmitter fuel gas To detect the gas pressure 96FG – 2A 96FG – 2B 96FG – 2C

Load Dispatch Center (LDC) Supervise control and data equation

Fiber optic definition Advantage The medium and the technology associated with the transmission of information as light impulses along a glass or plastic wire or fiber. Fiber optic cables have a much greater bandwidth than metal cables. This means that they can carry more data. Fiber optic cables are less susceptible than metal cables to interference. Fiber optic cables are much thinner and lighter than metal wires. Data can be transmitted digitally (the natural form for computer data) rather than analogically.

RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) definition types an electronic device that is controlled by a microprocessor. The device interfaces with physical objects to a Distributed Control System (DCS) or Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system by transmitting telemetry data to the system. PDH (Plesiochronous digital hierarchy) 2 Mbps telecommunications network transmission technology designed for the transport of large data volumes across large scale digital networks. PDH uses ( E1) channels in Europe and 1.544 Mb/s ( DS1) channels in the US and Japan. Each E1 = 64Kbps

RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) types SDH’s benefits over the pdh SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) standard technology for synchronous data transmission on optical media. It is the international equivalent of Synchronous Optical Network. Synchronous Transport Modules (STM) STM-1 (155 Mbps) = 63*E1 DWDM (Dense wavelength division multiplexing) Reduce costs world standard digital format synchronous structure is flexible Easy traffic cross connection capacity and add and drop facility

SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) definition A category of software application program for process control, the gathering of data in real time from remote locations in order to control equipment and conditions Used to monitor and control a plant or equipment in industries such telecommunications water and waste control energy oil and gas refining and transportation SCADA systems include hardware and software components. The hardware gathers and feeds data into a computer that has SCADA software installed. The computer then processes this data and presents it in a timely manner. SCADA also records and logs all events into a file stored on a hard disk or sends them to a printer. SCADA warns when conditions become hazardous by sounding alarms.

Personal Protection Equipment (PPE)