RENAISSANCE ENGLAND English 12 Dr. Moschetta Woodland Hills High School

POLITICAL SITUATION 4 THE WAR OF ROSES ENDED IN 1485 –These had been a series of civil wars over the succession of England at the end of the Middle Ages –Started with the overthrow of Richard II (Think Robin Hood) 4 NEITHER THE YORKS NOR THE LANCASTERS WON 4 A NEW DYNASTY, THE TUDOR DYNASTY, CAME TO THE THRONE –Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485 – became Henry VII

HENRY VII 4 BUILT A NEW NATION - BASED STATE 4 COULD AVOID CONFLICTS WITH FRANCE AND SPAIN 4 LAID A GOOD ECONOMIC BASE FOR ENGLAND 4 BUILT A POWERFUL MERCHANT FLEET 4 ENGLAND BEGAN TO DOMINATE IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE

HENRY VIII 4 HE WAS A BRILLIANT SCHOLAR AND AMBITIOUS POLITICIAN 4 DISSOLVED THE MONASTERIES 4 THE HAUNTING PROBLEM - A MALE HEIR 4 SPLIT FROM THE CATHOLIC CHURCH & MADE HIMSELF THE HEAD OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND (PROTESTANT) 4 QUARRELLED WITH THE POPE

CATHERINE OF ARAGON 4 COULD NOT GIVE THE STATE A MALE HEIR TO THE THRONE 4 HAD A DAUGHTER CALLED MARY 4 HENRY DIVORCED FROM HER TO MARRY ANNE BOLEYN 4 WAS AN ARDENT CATHOLIC AND BROUGHT PRINCESS MARY UP IN THE SAME SPIRIT

ANNE BOLEYN 4 HENRY VIII MARRIED HER AFTER THE DIVORCE 4 GAVE BIRTH TO A DAUGHTER CALLED ELIZABETH 4 WAS BEHEADED IN THE TOWER BECAUSE HENRY VIII SUSPECTED HER OF PLOTTING NOT TO GIVE HIM A SON (WITCHCRAFT)

JANE SEYMOUR 4 WAS ONE OF HENRY VIII’S MISTRESSES DURING HIS MARRIAGE TO ANNE BOLEYN 4 ENGAGED TO HENRY ONE DAY AFTER ANNE BOLEYN’S EXECUTION 4 MARRIED 10 DAYS LATER 4 FINALLY! A SON! EDWARD BORN IN DIFFICULT CHILDBIRTH; JANE DIED 4 HENRY AND HIS COURT MOURNED HER DEATH FOR AN EXTENDED PERIOD 4 HE CONSIDERED HER TO BE HIS ONLY “TRUE” WIFE

LAST THREE WIVES 4 ANNE OF CLEVES (MARRIED IN 1540) –Arranged marriage – Anne’s brother was a powerful Protestant –Henry was shown a “flattering” painting of her – ugly in reality –Marriage was never consummated; annulled soon after 4 CATHERINE HOWARD (MARRIED IN 1540) –Anne Boleyn’s first cousin –Henry was delighted with the marriage and his new wife –She had an affair; Henry had her beheaded 4 CATHERINE PARR (MARRIED IN 1543) –Wealthy widow –Restored his relationship with his daughters, Mary & Elizabeth –He died in 1547 while married to him

Edward VI – Henry’s Successor 4 CROWNED KING AT AGE 9 4 COULDN’T REALLY RULE ENGLAND 4 SICKLY; DIED AT AGE 15

MARY TUDOR 4 HENRY’S FIRST DAUGHTER 4 WAS A TRUE CATHOLIC –After Henry and Catherine divorced, Catherine raised Mary as a Catholic 4 WHEN SHE BECAME QUEEN, SHE TRIED TO RESTORE CATHOLICISM 4 PURSUED PROTESTANTS AND EXECUTED THEM 4 ALSO KNOWN AS BLOODY MARY

ELIZABETH I 4 DAUGHTER OF HENRY VIII AND ANNE BOLEYN 4 MADE PEACE WITH FRANCE AND SPAIN 4 BUILT A LARGE FLEET 4 ENCOURAGED THE CREATION OF COLONIES ABROAD - VIRGINIA 4 IRELAND BECAME AN ENGLISH COLONY 4 WALES ACCEPTED ENGLISH ADMINISTRATION

JAMES I 4 SON OF MARY STUART (HENRY VIII’s SISTER) 4 HE WAS ALSO KING JAMES VI IN SCOTLAND 4 FOLLOWED ELIZABETH TO THE THRONE BECAUSE SHE HAD NO HEIR 4 VERY HARD ON PROTESTANTS IN SCOTLAND AND IRELAND 4 CONTINUED SUPPORT OF ARTS AND THEATER, AS ELIZABETH HAD

MIGRATION TO AMERICA 4 JAMES I WAS VERY HARD ON PROTESTANTS IN SCOTLAND AND IRELAND 4 IN THEY EMIGRATED TO AMERICA 4 THE SHIP WAS CALLED THE MAYFLOWER 4 THE FIRST SETTLEMENT WAS CALLED NEW PLYMOUTH

LITERATURE AND ART 4 LITERATURE AND ART FLOURISHED DURING THE REIGN OF ELIZABETH I AND JAMES I 4 TIME PERIOD IS KNOWN AS THE RENAISSANCE 4 “RENAISSANCE” MEANS REBIRTH –Rebirth of ancient Greek and Roman art and literature 4 IT WAS FULL OF JOY OF LIFE 4 IT GLORIFIED THE BEAUTY OF MAN 4 MAN HAD THE RIGHT TO ENJOY LIFE

SCIENCE AND LEARNING 4 PRINTING WAS INVENTED IN GERMANY AND CAXTON BROUGHT THE SKILL TO ENGLAND IN GRAMMAR SCHOOLS WERE FOUNDED WHERE LATIN, GREEK, ANCIENT HISTORY AND ENGLISH WERE TAUGHT 4 LITERACY SPREAD QUICKLY 4 PROTESTANT CHURCHES WERE SET UP

THE DEVELOPMENT OF DRAMA 4 DRAMA BECAME VERY POPULAR 4 THE FIRST THEATRE HOUSES “THE GLOBE” AND “THE THEATRE” WERE BUILT 4 FIRST COMPANIES OF ACTORS WERE FORMED

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE 4 HE IS THE GREATEST OF THE ENGLISH RENAISSANCE WRITERS 4 HE WROTE COMEDIES, SUCH AS “THE MIDSUMMER NIGHT’S DREAM”,”THE TAMING OF THE SHREW” 4 HE WROTE TRAGEDIES, SUCH AS “HAMLET”, ROMEO AND JULIET”, “OTHELLO”, 4 HE WROTE HUNDREDS OF SONNETS 4 HE WROTE HISTORICAL PLAYS