Integumentary System By: Savannah Nash, Gatwech Both, and Zoe Hixenbaugh

 Consists of the skin, the largest organ in the human body  protects the internal body from any injury or damage  Aids the body in elimination  Helps store fat  Produces vitamins and hormones  Maintains homeostasis  First line of defense  Protection from ultraviolent radiation General Overview

 Integument means covering  Has receptors that can detect:  Heat and cold  Touch  Pressure and pain  Consists of:  Hair  Nails  Sweat glands  Oil glands  Blood vessels  Lymph vessels  Nerves  Muscles Skin

 Outermost layer of the skin  Contains five sub-layers (bottom to top)  Stratum basale-Sratum spinosum  Stratum granulosum  Stratum licidum  Stratum corneum-  Keratinocytes  Melanocytes  Langerhans cells  Merkel Cells Epidermis

 Composed of three types of tissue  Collagen  Elastic tissue  Reticular fibers  Layers  Papillary-upper  Reticular layers-lower  Papillary  Reticular  Where the sensory fibers are located Dermis

 Thickiest and innermost layer of the skin  Composed mainly of adipocytes  Acts as an energy reserve  Distributed all over the body  Missing on certain parts of the body  Insulator  Shock Adsorber Hypodermis

 In charge of cooling the skin by evaporation  Two types of sweat glands  Eccrine  Apocrine  Eccrine  From the dermis layer  Produce sweat/perspiration  Mainly on the forehead, upper lip, pales of hands and soles of feet  Acropine  Found in armpits, around nipples, and in groin  Also in the dermis layer  Do not function until after puberty Sweat Glands

 Found in the dermis layer  Located all over the body, except palms and soles  Made of secrete sebum  Prevents skin and hair from drying  Attached to hair follicles Oil Glands

 Transport nutrients and oxygen to the skin  Transport Vitamin C from the skin to the body  Remove waste  Constrict or dilate depending on the temperature  Located in the dermis Blood Vessels

 Supply lymph to the tissue of skin to help fight off microbes  Located all throughout the body alongside arteries and veins  Not found in central nervous system, bone marrow, teeth, and avascular tissue Lymph Vessels

 Skin Cancer-most common form of cancer in the U.S.  Psoriasis-common skin condition that cause irritation and redness  Alopecia- complete loss of hair from the head or body Health Problems

 In your life time you will shed about 40 pounds of skin.  Adults have over 20 square feet of skin.  In just one month, your body will have a whole new layer of skin.  Between 30,000 and 40,000 dead skin cells fall off your body in under a minute.  The average amount of head hair is 120,000.  Goose bumps are actually little pimples that help keep a a layer of warm air over our bodies. Fun Facts Thinnest skin is found on the eyelid When you absorb water, your skin swells. The skin releases about three gallons of sweat a day in hot weather. Your skin comes in contact with over 150 different chemicals a day. The reason our lips are red is because the skin there is so thin that our blood vessels show through.

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