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Isaac Newton ( ). The main part of Newton's life passed in the college of Saint Triple in Cambridge University. He loved solitude and hated the scientific discussions, that is why Newton avoided the publication of his works. He loved to think and to compose. In his solitude this man made a revolution in science, concerning a human being and nature. He created a language of classical science, which it has been thinking and speaking three centuries already. During Newton made his three main discoveries: the method of fluxings and quadratures (differential and integral calculus, explanation of the light nature and the law of gravitation). His works were begun with optics: Newton considered all over again Decart's system of the world where the nature of optical occurrences and gravitation just the same. But Decart's whirlwinds were not coordinated with Kepler's laws and comets movement. "The real philosophy" of Decart was not proved mathematically. далее

In 1668 Newton built the first reflecting telescope. The big lens telescope gave indistinct image with painted edges. Newton explained this in such a way. A lens like a prism decomposes the light into spectrum. The scientist considered this problem indisolved and suggested a mean against chromatic aberration: a mirror must be used instead of objective lens. The light from the star passed to the mirror, reflected on the prism and then to the side of the telescope where the eye- piece was fixed. The telescope was compact: a mirror - 30 mm, the tube length mm, it gave a very distinct image though not bright. In 1680 Newton returned to the mechanics and gravitation problems. That year a very bright comet appeared. Newton observed it and calculated the orbit of the comet. He was the author of the gravitation law and its consequences. Isaac Newton died when he was 84 at night the 31st of May,1727. He was solemnly buried in Westminster Abbey. This is an epitaph on his tomb: "He is sir Isaac Newton buried, an aristocrat, having divine intellect he was the first who proved the planets and comets movement and oceans rising tides with the torch of mathematic...". далее

Isaac's mind was also busy with refraction or the bending of light. He was experimenting with his lenses. He had been an experimenter, who liked to put his Thought to proof, he studied the beautiful colours in soap bubbles, the resistance of the air, the law of gravitation. далее

He wanted particularly to understand the events that took place naturally in the world around him-motions of planets and comets, the changing of the tides.

далее And for relaxation, he always turned to alchemy – the recombining of one natural substance info another – which, while it was not a science, was the forerunner of modern chemistry. He wanted to understand the transmitting or changing of one metal into another.

Isaac worked out a basic formula, or rule, which has been used ever since in mathematics. Today we call it “the binomial theorem” a binomial is any two numbers connected by the plus (+) sign or minus (-) sign. Scientists with an understanding of mathematics substitute the numbers they have for the letters, and follow the multiplication signs and the plus and minus signs of the formula. By so doing, they can get correct answers to their problems simply and quickly. далее