The United Kingdom London Mgr. Aleš Zahradník Anglický jazyk 1.– 4. ročník čtyřletého studia Kvinta – oktáva osmiletého studia Reálie Gymnázium Ivana Olbrachta Semily, Nad Špejcharem 574, příspěvková organizace Nad Špejcharem 574, Semily, Česká republika Registrační číslo projektu: CZ.1.07/1.5.00/ Název projektu: Moderní škola

The United Kingdom London

London  London is the capital of both England and the UK.  It lies on the river Thames.  It has about 8 million inhabitants (Greater London) and together with larger urban zones about 12 million people.  Greater London comprises the City of London and 32 London boroughs.  It is the seat of the monarch, the parliament and the government.  London was founded by the Romans who called it Londinium.  The 17 th century brought much suffering to London: plague epidemic (up to 80,000 people died – a sixth of the population) the Great Fire of London destroyed four fifths of the city  German bombing during WWII caused serious damage to the city too. No. 1

London Tower of London  William the Conqueror began to build this fortress (the White Tower).  It used to be a royal home, a prison, an execution site, a royal mint.  Now it is a museum where the Crown Jewels are kept.  It is guarded by the Yeomen Warders (called Beefeaters).  Next to the Tower stands Tower Bridge built in the 19 th century. No. 3 No. 2

London St. Paul`s Cathedral  Built after the Great Fire of London and completed after 35 years. (finished in 1711)  It is in the Baroque style and it was designed by Sir Christopher Wren.  It is the largest baroque church in Europe after St. Peter`s in Rome.  It has got Whispering Gallery.  Britain`s heroes are buried there, such as Admiral Nelson, and Sir Christopher Wren himself. No. 4

London Westminster Abbey  Its history goes back to the 11th century.  Almost all coronations since William the Conqueror (1066) have been held there.  In the church, there is the Coronation Chair which has been used since  The last coronation took place there in (Elizabeth II)  Many British queens and kings are buried there. No. 5

London Houses of Parliament  They are the political centre of the UK and the seat of the British Parliament.  They were rebuilt in the Neo- Gothic style in  British Parliament consists of two houses: The House of Lords and The House of Commons.  The clock tower called Big Ben is part of the buildings. No. 6

London Other sights in London  Buckingham Palace is the London home of the kings and queens of Great Britain.  Trafalgar Square is one of the largest squares in London and in the middle of the square is Nelson`s column.  Downing street number 10 has been the home of the Prime Minister since  Hyde Park has Speaker`s Corner, one of the most popular places in London. No. 7

London QUESTIONS:  What are the basic facts about London?  Who built the Tower of London and when?  Who designed St. Paul`s Cathedral and when?  Why is Westminster Abbey the most important church in London?  What is the political centre of the UK?  What is the seat of the queen?  What can you see in Trafalgar Square?

Sources: Obrázky: No. 1 BUNCHOFGRAPES. File:Great fire of london map.png. [online]. [cit ]. Dostupné z: No. 2 – No.7 Fotografie pořídil autor prezentace.