Chapter 6: How Did Rapid Change During the Meiji Period Affect Japans Worldview? How Did Japan Decide to Implement Change During the Meiji Period How Did Modernizing the Japanese Political System Reflect a New Worldview How Did Japan Change Its Economic System How Did Japan Change Its Military System to Meet Political Needs How Did Japan’s New Worldview Change its Social Systems How Did Japans Culture Change How Did Changes in the Edo Period Compare to Changes in the Meiji Period

Thinking About Your Island As the leader of your island you have decided to adopt some ideas and technologies from other countries. You are concerned as how you are going to maintain the traditional culture you have created Select one of the values/belief that you would want to keep as you change your island. How are you going to keep it? How are you going to convince others that this value/belief is worth keeping How are you going to make decisions and who will be involved in choosing between the traditional ideas of the island and the new ideas you want to introduce

How Did Japan Decide to Implement Change During the Meiji Period? To secure Japan’s future, the leaders of Japan borrowed ideas from Western ideologies Implemented aspects of Democracy Elected representatives Adjust society to an Industrialized nation Public education was important for this!!! Accepted new technologies These rapid changes dramatically changed Japans worldview The values and beliefs about culture, social systems, and political/economic systems

How Did Modernizing The Japanese Political System Reflect a New Worldview? Pg 194-198 The leaders of the Meiji government decided to prepare for a constitutional government Did not want to rush into it They needed to prepare Japan for such a change

How Did Modernizing The Japanese Political System Reflect a New Worldview? To Modernize the government the oligarchy decided that they would need to.. Unify the territory of Japan Use models of government that could be adapted to Japanese Needs Change the social order so all citizens would have the same loyalty and obligation to the state Create a constitution so the most important Japanese values and beliefs would guide the country in the future

How Did Modernizing The Japanese Political System Reflect a New Worldview? Pg 194-198 Individually read pages 194-198 and complete the missing information on the power point slides.

How Did Modernizing The Japanese Political System Reflect a New Worldview? Unifying the Country The young leaders used their relationships with samurai to help unify the former domains and their military forces The daimyos from Choshu, Satsuma, Tosa and Hizen surrendered their lands and records to the imperial government They all asked to be placed under a set of unified laws and regulations 1871 all the domains were abolished and replaced by a prefecture system Kind of like a large country The Emperor was used as a symbol to create nationalism in the newly unified nation

Searching for a New Model of Government How Did Modernizing The Japanese Political System Reflect a New Worldview? Searching for a New Model of Government The leaders wanted to be efficient and economical with their new government There was some disagreements Some wanted a liberal government, some wanted a conservative government They finally made a choice: The German-style government Strong cabinet and limited powers of parliament Centralized Control The new government was called the Dajokan

Political Change Affects Social Systems How Did Modernizing The Japanese Political System Reflect a New Worldview? Political Change Affects Social Systems The government wanted people to be loyal to the central state and Emperor, not the daimyo They eliminated the hierarchical social order Feudal class system was abolished People can now choose their occupations freely!!! With these changes national unity was slowly growing

Creating a Constitution How Did Modernizing The Japanese Political System Reflect a New Worldview? Creating a Constitution Japan believed that they were a world leader Strong and capable like any other nation The leaders were in favor of creating a constitution for these reasons Strong European countries had one They would be regarded as a powerful nation if they had a Western-style constitution It would unify Japan further

Creating a Constitution How Did Modernizing The Japanese Political System Reflect a New Worldview? Creating a Constitution There was disputes as to what model Japan should follow with their constitution Former samurai, now called shizoku, were not satisfied with the control from a central government Wanted greater participation in government and elected assembly

The Constitution of Japan-1889 How Did Modernizing The Japanese Political System Reflect a New Worldview? The Constitution of Japan-1889 The Emperor is inviolable and above the law of the constitution Government ministers are responsible to the Emperor The Emperor has the power to Command the military and forign policy Disolve the Imperial Diet at will The Imperial Diet is divided into two houses of equal power Citizens are granted the freedom of speech, religion and association. However, the government can withdraw these rights

But there was trouble brewing... How Did Modernizing The Japanese Political System Reflect a New Worldview? But there was trouble brewing... 3 political parties backed by different newspapers were formed They had public debates/violent revolts The Meiji oligarchy created more restrictions The government can sensor the papers Public assemblies were banned Peoples rights activists reacted by creating organizations and clubs calling for a representative government

How Did Modernizing The Japanese Political System Reflect a New Worldview? Reflect and Respond #3 Working together with a partner Full sentences and paragraphs

How Did Japan Change Its Economic System? Pg 199-202 Review of terms… With a partner create/remember the definitions for the following words Barter Economic System Feudal Economic System Capitalism Industrialization

How Did Japan Change Its Economic System? Thinking About Your Island During your hundreds of years in isolation your island used a Feudal-system based economic system (all the wealth is located at the top of your social structure and trickles down to the rest via spending, paying for labor, ect). Before you modernize your country you need to change your economic system to a capitalism based operation. Think of five ways that you would be able to do that to your island.

How Did Japan Change Its Economic System? The ways to change from Feudalism to Capitalism

How Did Japan Change Its Economic System? Under the shoguns, Japan had created a very strong foundation to modernize and become more industrialized Road systems Markets Vibrant merchant class Small businesses Some banks These were huge for Japans successful modernization Why??

How Did Japan Change Its Economic System? Although the Japanese were ready to rapidly evolve, there were some restrictions that would slow down the process Trade agreements made with Western powers They cannot lower the taxes on domestic goods and raise taxes on foreign goods The Unequal Treaties…… Why would it be beneficial to Japan to lower domestic taxes and increase foreign taxes? Hint: Its on page 199

How Did Japan Change Its Economic System? Industrialization In the beginning all the new industries and manufacturing were government funded and owned This was needed to jump start Japans modernization and catch up with the West But this was really expensive for the Japanese government They sold all the industries and manufacturing to private businesses but kept all military-based industries

How Did Japan Change Its Economic System? Industrialization (cont) Because the government-run industries being sold to private investors a large part of Japans major industries were controlled by private companies This reduced economic competition and worried economists Why?? These private companies were called zaibatsu and were closely tied with the government This further increased support for Emperor Meiji

How Did Japan Change Its Economic System? Capitalism In 1881 Matsukata became Japans Minister of Finance He believed that…. Japan needed to renegotiate the unequal treaties and adopt new economic policies. Until those are done the government needs to reduce spending Create new taxes and lower the value of printed money to raise more money for modernization The government will not manage industries but create conditions that will encourage private business Create a Department of Agriculture and Commerce and a State Bank

How Did Japan Change Its Economic System? The benefits of Matsukata’s policies were not quickly felt in Japan Many small farmers lost their lands Many small businesses went broke But at the end of the Meiji period Japans national income doubled and was quickly on its way to becoming a capitalist society

How Did Japan Change Its Economic System? What is a capitalist society? Individuals/government are engaged in business Focus is on the entrepreneurs who establish/operate companies Goal is to make a profit by producing/obtaining goods at a low price and selling them at a high price People work for wages and use it to purchase goods they need/want

How Did Japan Change Its Economic System? The new “Western Based” Japanese government helped the economy change and grow by… All four major islands were joined via railroad and all roads were paved Deeper harbors Telegraph and phone lines The brought in new technologies and foreigners to train the japanese Set up the Ministry of Banking to provide subsidies to new businesses

How Did Japan Change Its Economic System? Reflect and Responding Full sentences and paragraph form!!! Why might lower taxes on imported goods such as books and machinery but high taxes on imported clothing been beneficial? Mini Skills Assignment A Speech to Support a Radical Thought

Thinking About Your Island To help modernize your island you have decided that you need to use your military to do so. How would you use your military to help modernize your island?

How Did Japan Change Its Military System to Meet Political Needs? Notes Assignment With a partner read pages 203-206 completing the missing information on the power point slides.

How Did Japan Change Its Military System to Meet Political Needs? To model after western countries, Japan wanted a strong military for several reasons It would strengthen the government Military is an extension of their political-military goals They can also defeat internal opposition Would be considered a minor nation by western nations without military strength This was needed to renegotiate the unequal treaties Japan wanted to become a colonial power Leaders needed a strong military to ensure they can meet their political goals

How Did Japan Change Its Military System to Meet Political Needs? Japan decided to create a powerful navy and army Modeled after Britain's navy and Germanys army The new leaders of Japan had military experience from past wars Satsuma had built a strong navy Choshu had built a strong military Both used western models to train and develop their armed forces

How Did Japan Change Its Military System to Meet Political Needs? At the same time Japan was building their army the west was reorganizing and rebuilding their own armies How might this make Japan a little upset?

Timeline of a New Military 1870 An Imperial Guard is created with 30 000 troops under control of the Emperor 1872 Japan sent its naval officers to Britain to study their navy and ships. They also bought some British ships but built some of their own 1873 New army used the French idea of conscription. All men had to go into the army 1876 Japan used “gunboat diplomacy” on North Korean to have them open their ports for trade and sign an unequal treaty

Timeline of a New Military 1880 Japans army based on Germany: strict discipline and tight admin control 1882 A new bushido code: loyalty to Emperor This code was the same one that was used by the old samurai class (now abolished!!) 1894 Japan took North Korea from China with a quick victory. Made China sign an unequal treaty in their favor 1900 Japan aided western nations to put down a Chinese rebellion against the British This showed that Western nations saw Japan as an important nation

How Did Japan Change Its Military System to Meet Political Needs? The national military change affected Japanese worldview Young Japanese men were forced to leave their homes They all received educational training They brought modern technology back home when they returned They also brought home a new sense of nationalism and loyalty to the Emperor

Reflect and Responding Answer the following questions in complete sentences and in paragraph form. The military is part of the political and economic element of worldview. How could the military be used as a powerful tool for reuniting citizens? How were the traditional values and beliefs of the samurai used to create a strong military?

Thinking About Your Island:Social Change Because you have changed your economic system and military system you need to update your social system. What changes would you make to have your social classes work well with the newly modernize island?

How Did Japan’s New Worldview Change Its Social System? 207-210 With a partner complete the chart assignment: Comparing Edo Social System to the Modernized Meiji System Due at the end of class

How Did Japan’s New Worldview Change Its Social System? 207-210 When Japans leaders implemented rapid change the social system was drastically affected The traditional feudal system was abolished No ridged class structure Individuals were free to better their own status, change occupations, and move around the country as they desired A huge part of this change was the education system that Japan used…

How Did Japan’s New Worldview Change Its Social System? 207-210 The adaptations during the Meiji period changed how Japanese society was organized.. Iwakura mission discovered that successful nations had a strong education system Japanese citizens had to be educated for the country to be successful

How Did Japan’s New Worldview Change Its Social System? 207-210 The government decided that for the people to carry out and accept these new reforms and long-term educational plan was needed They used it to strengthen national and social unity Widen the support of the people Ensure that the values of citizenship and duty were taught Technical schools were set up and elementary became compulsory for all children

How Did Japan’s New Worldview Change Its Social System? 207-210 In 1871 the government established a Ministry of Education Used to develop an national education system Goal was to develop a system for all children that would break down class and regional identities and help raise the standard of living

How Did Japan’s New Worldview Change Its Social System? 207-210 In 1884 Mori became the Minister of Education He restructured the national school system to include universal primary and middle schools Set up a system of universities Government curriculum promoted strong, common moral values, a strong national identity, and loyalty to the Emperor

How Did Japan’s New Worldview Change Its Social System? 207-210 Mori believed that universities should have academic freedom Promote students to be innovative He established the Imperial University and a second national university that was government ran Tuition was free for those who were accepted Graduates automatically were qualified for government jobs

How Did Japan’s New Worldview Change Its Social System? 207-210 Why did the Japanese government decide that it was important for everyone to be educated? How did this aspect of the Meiji worldview differ from the Edo worldview? How did traditional values and beliefs influence the new education system? What do you think was the most positive change from the Feudal Social System to the Meiji Social System? Write a short (1/2 page) paragraph explaining why.

Thinking About Your Island: Changing Your Culture Now after you have changed your social system, political and economic system and your beliefs and values in your island your culture is drastically going to change. How would your culture change in these areas? Religion Attitudes of your citizens The ideas of citizenship and participation in society

How Did Japan’s Culture Change? Page 211-213 The values and beliefs about Japanese culture also changed during the Meiji Period The role of religion Changing attitudes Ideas of participation and citizenship

How Did Japan’s Culture Change? Page 211-213 What role did religion play? Oligarchy wanted to make Shintoism the national religion and part of school curriculum If everyone had the same belief system it would create better national unity There was a bit of confusion… Confucian virtues still being taught in schools, military and through bushido No matter what the government did many people still practiced Buddhism and Confucianism

How Did Japan’s Culture Change? Page 211-213 How Did the Attitudes Change? Young intellectuals believed and promoted the idea that if Japan was to succeed, the individual had to succeed Periodicals were writing about liberty and individualism This was contradictory to the old Japanese belief that the individual was not valued but to work with the group

How Did Japan’s Culture Change? Page 211-213 How Did the Attitudes Change? The attitude towards Japan’s history changed and a new sense of nationalism emerged They used their rich history because the Meiji government failed to renegotiate the unequal treaties Bitterness felt towards the west They also felt that the move towards a western lifestyle had gone too far and Japan was losing its identity Japanese writers argued for the virtues and importance of being Japanese Wrote about maintaining Japanese traditional values

How Did Japan’s Culture Change? Page 211-213 How did ideas of citizenship and participation change? With the new social system peasants had more opportunities to become more involved in society Many became strong lobbyists and wrote to the government Before it was unheard of for a commoner to complain to the government and demand more This scared the Meiji government who felt that was still a need of strict government control over the country

How Did Japan’s Culture Change? Page 211-213 Japonisme After Japan opened their borders to the west, Americans and Europeans were entranced with Japanese art and culture Influenced western paintings, sculptures, graphic arts, architecture, and ceramics Soon the demand for Japanese art became a cultural craze Many people started to demand anything Japanese for their homes Decorative art, interior design, furnishings, clothing, literature and theater

How Did Japan’s Culture Change? Page 211-213 Reflect and Responding Reading page 215 think of an area of your modern life that Japan has some way influenced. Write a short description of how your life might have been if the Japan would have never opened their borders. Full page in length. Paragraph forms.

Chapter 5 Review End of Chapter 6: page 220-221 Do I Get It or Not-Chapter 6 Comparing the changes in the Edo Period to the Meiji Period Preparation for the position paper

Japan Unit Position Paper Topic In your opinion, what was the event in Japanese history that drastically changed its worldview.