Wind Turbine in Freiamt / Black Forest … the end of the rainbow?

Stakeholder Management in Wind Energy Projects Dr. Josef Pesch Managing Director, fesa GmbH, Freiburg CEO, fesa Energy Coop, Freiburg Regional Vice-Chair of German Wind Energy Association

fesa e.V roof of stadium SC Freiburg 93.6 kWp  ca. 90,000 kWh/a 158 shareholders fesa GmbH 2006 Freiburg Solar B kWp  >400,000 kWh/a 80 shareholders © fesa GmbH

Citizens´ Participation Projects fesa (and partners) Solar, Wind, Hydro, Wood, Efficiency, Energy Saving (Status end of 2011) Installed Capacity:> 48 MW (45 MW wind; 2 MW pv) Production 2011:62 GWh (2000: 2 GWh) Prediction for 2012> 63 GWh Total Investment ( ):> 66 €m Equity raised ( ):> 23 €m Power by the people! fesa Association founded by citizens in 1994 Motto: “We know what to do, but we still have to do it – and if we join forces, we can move renewables.”

6 Milestones of Wind Development Site evaluation Site assessment, first financial model Contracts on land use and access Preparation of planning permission Surveys & studies Planning permission Construction planning, grid connection, financing Placing orders for equipment incl. turbines Construction Commissioning Take over by investors Operation

Everybody has a stake … 1.Framework national incentives for renewables, planning regulations, grid access 2.Internal site evaluation, site assessment, technological decisions, permission management, project finance 3.External local residents, local authorities, land owners, planning officers, grid operators, power companies 4.Financial investors, banks, development finance, local participation 5.Realisation access roads, foundations, local content 6.Operation maintainance, access, local residents

Central vs decental: multiplication of stake holders

1. Framework - national incentives for renewables - planning regulations - grid access National motivation Natural monopoles / Ownership of infrastructure Planning priorities & organisation (central vs local) Know your allies Know your enemies Vested interests => KISS (keep it simple, stupid)

German Feed-In Law of 1990

2. Internal site evaluation=> Does it look like a project? site assessment=> wind, access, ownership, restrictions, grid technological decisions=> turbine, connection point, layout development finance=> Who takes the risk? permission management=> permission requirements, zoning, surveys Typical permission requirements Noise Study Shading Study Turbulence Study Landscape Management Study Visualisation Study Natural Environment Study (birds, bats, other animals) Environmental Impact Study Cultural Impact Study (cultural heritage impact) Permissions by land owners for site, access roads, power lines Implications for Tourism

accummulated wind directions % wind speed m above ground Wind: speed and direction Source: BWE; juwi

Where wind turbines can be located

Where size matters: performance of wind turbines

Total hight100 m140 m170 m capacity2000 kW Rotor diameter80 m 90 m Hub Height60 m100 m125 m Production4.4 Mio. kWh/a5.2 Mio. kWh/a6.5 Mio. kWh/a Capacity factor2,200 h/a2,600 h/a3,250 h/a Increasing yield: raising hub height & rotor diameter

Shade Study Noise Impact

3. External local residents=> information, share holders, local opposition local authorities=> information, local value generation land owners=> private / public / envy management planning officers=> objective & subjective criteria grid operators=> high resistance: technical barriers or partnership power companies=> power purchase, partnership

To get the power to the consumer

Top Down: Conventional Grid Management Grid load management is relatively simple.

Renwables - Power from all around; flow in all directions Grid load management becomes very complex.

4. Financial Investors (equity)=> state/private, regional/international Banks (debt)=> experience in wind local participation=> coops vs NIMBYs Power shift: Bi-directional flow of (urban) money  (rural) power My wind turbine = local income in rural areas Someone’s wind turbine.  Alien, anonymus.

5. Realisation local content=> road building, construction construction of access roads=> local contractors internal grid construction=> local contractors transport route=> obstacles on the way foundation input=> local contractors crane availability / hire=> local? What local support qualifications and skills are available (and can be helpful) to the project?

Source: juwi Meeting stakeholders en route … Local authorities must be informed and residents be aware of what is coming and blocking their roads.

Be connected … to local farmers & authorities regional contracting no permanent damage to farming

Road construction for heavy loads regional contracting, regional income improved infrastructure

Foundations and electrical connection with local input Local contractors for concrete and electrics

Heavy construction equipment: cranes and other lifting gear Local skill development

6. Operation Connection=> grid operators Commissioning=> grid operators / investors Test phase=> manufacturers / O&M Take over=> investors Operation & Maintenance=> O&M agents / local? Access for maintenance and repair=> O&M agents / local? Local resident management=> Operators? Tourism / Visitor Management=> tourist office

29 Operational Management: Remote Control

Rotor blade inspection & maintenance What skills are available?

Damage to gear boxes Replacement and repair in Vietnam – or abroad?

32 Professional O&M Operational control (24 h / 7/7 / 365) Routine maintenance & safety Breakdown management Production and revenue management

Everybody has a stake in wind projects Local residents and international investors Engineers and tourism managers Banks and grid operators Turbine manufacturers and electricity consumers … Professional project management is to keep everybody happy. (Within reason!)

Transformation to renewables …

Vision for Vietnam Vietnam has a large wind resource. Is 100% possible here? A simplified calculation: Power consumption in Vietnam: 101 TWh p.a. On a good site 2,600 full load hrs are possible. Enercon E hrs = 19.5 GWh 5,180 wind turbines = 101 TWh Plus: Vietnam has sun (67 GW = 100%) and bio energies … (Oil, coal, and natural gas are too valuable to be burnt quickly!)

The pot of gold at end of the rainbow: advantages to renewable communities basic production of clean (CO 2 -free) energy local participation => local income income for land owners from land rent income from taxes money saved for energy “imports” advantages for local industry: power at defined prices Global climate and resource protection and local income.

If you have questions, do not hestitate to contact Dr. Josef Pesch fesa GmbH Wippertstr. 2 D Freiburg Germany =>