Test Review for Realism and Abstract Art- Week 6 VA II

Review of Northern Renaissance Realism This painting was created by Hans Holbein who was the court Painter to King Henry VIII during The Northern Renaissance Period in art history He migrated to England where he Eventually lived and worked His style is Realism, Media is OIL which was a New medium for the time Frame The use of thin layers of glaze Allowed for the depiction of Detailed surfaces along with the Bright bold color The French Ambassaors Date: 1533

The French Ambassadors This painting by Hans Holbein depicts A knowledge of anatomy, foreshortening, one point or linear perspective, the use of chiaroscuro ( shading to follow the patterns of light to create form and volume) The skull is symbolic of death and hence this painting is also called a vanitas painting The worldly knowledge is depicted with the various discipline of art, science, math and literacy in the still life arrangement.

The French Ambassadors The symbolic positioning of these two men in the Holbein painting represents the worlds of the church and the worlds of the state and the importance of governing with both entities. The emphasis on status and position is made clear by the ornamental clothing as well as the lavish material goods in the background.

The Annunciation by Da Vinci Italian Renaissance/ Style Realism/ Medium of Fresco /Wet Plaster on walls This depiction of the Annunciation by Da Vinci in 1472 shows the knowedge Posessed by the Italian master, The knowledge anatomy, foreshortening, Linear perspective, aerial perspective and volume and form obtained by Shading of light ( chiaroscuro) was amazing for this time frame. The subject matter ( religion/ The Annunciation foretells of the coming of Christ by the Angel Gabrielle to the Virgin Mary, color is still used symbolically here with Mary’s blue Robe.

Clothes Pin /Abstraction With imagination you can turn any object into something it isn’t: RealismAbstraction Drawn from observation Based on known object Proportion correct Proportion may be Distorted Attention to detail, lifelike Simplified Geometric Form Focus on recreating Focus on interpreting reality reality Knowledge of anatomy, perspective, life drawing Application of elements and principles of design /attention to the structure of art

The Annuciation /Northern Renaissance/by Robert Campin/1425 This painting was a private commission requested by the patrons Shown to the left of the center panel. Note that the patrons are outside In the secular world and do not enter the center room where A HOLY EVENT is taking place.

Detail of the Merode Alterpiece IN the Merode Alterpiece one can see the Emphasis on photo realism, with the attention to Detail The artist does not yet fully comprehend how To convey linear perspective as the table and the Bench appear to be tipping forwards. There is a great deal of symbolism in this painting With the lily representing purity, the clean room Representing the idea that Cleanliness is next To Godliness. Mary is shown as a virtuous and Respected woman with her Bible on the table Joseph is busy making a mousetrap to symbolize How to trap the devil or evil.

Joseph Stella Brooklyn Bridge Oil on canvas Futurism  Joseph Stella came to America around 1905, but returned to his homeland of Italy when Futurism was starting to become popular  Futurism is abstract art that emphasizes the lines of force or energy of each object  This painting creates a harmony of overlapping and interlocking space, light, form, and color

Questions to ask What is the subject matter? How does the Brooklyn Bridge reflect the time frame in which it was painted? What are three main elements? List three main principles? What architectural form inspired the design of the painting by Stella ?

Gothic Cathedral /Notre Dame Paris

Gothic Cathedral Stained Glass

Compare and Contrast Interior vaulting of a Gothic Cathedral

Details of a Stained Glass Window

Compare and Contrast The Gothic Cathedrals of the 11 th and 12 Century in Europe are still regarded as architectural wonders for the engineering feats that were accomplished The Brooklyn Bridge by Stella is also acknowledging a major architectural feet with the new medium of a steel suspension bridge, a new wonder in the early 1900’s in NYC

Brooklyn Bridge by Day

Brooklyn Bridge by Night

Abstraction/Cubism in Art History Cubism is another form of abstraction Founded by Picasso and Braque in 1907 The source of inspiration for Picasso in his work The Women of Avignon was African Art Specifically African Masks Emphasis was on creating simple geometric planes and multiple view points of the subject Picasso has a reference to the classical nude and the classical still life in this painting

Examples of Classical Nude This classical marble sculpture Was created in the late 1800’s by The sculptor Canova It shows the influence the classcial Greek Art with the idealized Proportions and emphasis on Clean pure surfaces

Classical Still Life In this classical still life of the 18 th century the artists Intention is REALISM with Attention to copying the Colors, proportion and Likeness of the subject

Still Life / Style of Realism In this still life by Van Gogh You can see the style is Grounded in Realism However the artist Is beginning to simplify The forms and the details With rough brush strokes of Paintin Late 1880’s

Still Life/Abstraction Cezanne was interested in creating planes of space and fragmenting the surface of the canvas Picasso was influenced by the work of Cezanne

Intro to: Cubism/ Art History Movement  Began in 1907 by Pablo Picasso  He used the ideas and ways of building up the surface with small squarish brushstrokes  Primarily concerned with the overall surface design and not with the emotions or feelings

African Masks/Source of Inspiration for Picasso

Pablo Picasso  This piece is considered the beginning of Cubism  The relationships between the shapes and colors soon became more important than the figures Pablo Picasso Les Demoiselles d’Avigon 1907 Oil on Canvas Cubism Pablo Picasso Three Musicians 1921 Oil on canvas Cubism  After World War I  The colors, shapes and texture work together to create the harmony of this piece

Pablo Picasso Guernica 1937 Oil on canvas Cubism  The flat figures symbolize, or express, the extremes of suffering that he would not have been able to express in realism  The bull is a Spanish symbol of human irrationality  The broken sword symbolizes the absolute defeat of the people; however, the flower growing out of the handle represents hope Pablo Picasso Continued

Georges Braque Still Life: The Table 1928 Oil on canvas Cubism  Assisted Picasso on developing cubism  Simultaneity: the teaching of depicting objects from separate vantage points in one work of art  Later lead to collage which is the adding of real objects to the canvas of a work

Marcel Duchamp Nude Descending a Staircase 1912 Oil on canvas Cubism  This piece features the movement of a figure as it descended the stairs  An entire series of movements, stopped in successive stages of action  People of the time did not understand the concept and therefore it was not appreciated in that time period

Umberto Boccioni Unique Forms of Continuity in Space 1913 Bronze Futurism  Futurism: A style of painting and sculpture that emerged in Italy, early 20 th century. Emphasized the machine- like quality of “modern” living  A charging male figure caught in several aspects of walking at the same time