Temperature Section1

Temperature Scales  Fahrenheit ( ◦ F )  Celsius ( ◦ C )  Kelvin ( K )

What temperature really is  Atoms are in constant motion, even in a solid object.  The back-and-forth jiggling of atoms is caused by thermal energy, which is a kind of kinetic energy.

Terms to Learn  Temperature: is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object  Thermal expansion: is the increase in volume of a substance due to an increase in temperature.  Absolute zero: the lowest temperature on the Kelvin Scale

MORE ABOUT THERMAL EXPANSION  Thermal expansion joints are built into bridges so that when it gets hot the bridge does not buckle due to thermal expansion.  Cars make a thuh- thunk noise when they go over these on a bridge.

TEMPERATURE  Temperature is an average measure.  The temperature of a substance is not determined by how much of the substance you have.

Converting to Kelvin  The Kelvin temperature scale is useful in science because it starts at absolute zero.  Is the official SI temperature scale

Absolute zero  Absolute zero is -273°C.  You cannot have a temperature lower than absolute zero.  Think of absolute zero as the temperature at which atoms are “frozen.”

Fahrenheit  Measured in degrees  Water boils at…..  Water freezes at…..

Celsius  Measured in degrees  Scale is divided into 100 equal parts between the freezing point and the boiling point  Water boils at…..  Water freezes at …..

TEMPERATURE CONVERSIONS To Convert From:Use this equation: ° C → ° F° F = (9/5 × ° C) + 32 ° F → ° C° C = 5/9 (° F – 32) ° C → K K = ° C K → ° C ° C = K - 273