Introduction to the Spanish- American War U.S. History Mrs. Janiak PLHS.

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to the Spanish- American War U.S. History Mrs. Janiak PLHS

A. Map of Cuba and the Gulf of Mexico Cuba was a Spanish colony U.S. had $ invested in Cuba since the Civil War, mostly in sugar plantations A Cuban revolt began from hatred of Spanish rule and frustration over falling sugar prices. Spain imprisoned rebels with brutal treatment

B. Explosion of the U.S. battleship Maine 1898 President McKinley ordered the battleship into Havana Harbor to protect U.S. citizens and property against the Cuban rebellion and Spanish hostility. A huge explosion destroyed the battleship, killing 260 sailors There was no conclusive evidence to explain who had sunk the Maine…

C. Newspaper headline of the Maine explosion Newspapers in the U.S. called for U.S. intervention in Cuba to avenge what they believed was an act of Spanish aggression. This is typed of journalism is called- “yellow journalism:” reporters purposely tried to stir up emotions and sell more papers without paying much attention to the real facts. Anti-Spanish feeling was also spread by a group of Cubans in New York

D. Political cartoon Rebel publicity fed to newspapers to stir up Cuban support President McKinley originally opposed U.S. military action against Spain, even proposing a cease-fire between Spain and Cuban rebels. McKinley later fell to public and political pressure- war broke out between the U.S. and Spain in the Philippines May 1, 1898

E. Outbreak of War in the Philippines The Philippines were another Spanish colony. Leading a command from Hong Kong, Commodore George Dewey sunk the entire Spanish fleet at the Battle of Manila, only 1 American died Dewey obtained the help from Filipino patriot Emilio Aguinaldo, who organized an uprising against Spanish forces. Aguinaldo was under the impression that the U.S. would grant the Philippines independence after Spain was defeated… or so he thought….

F. Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders T.R. commanded a volunteer unit of cowboys, college students and adventurers to Cuba. Their determination and spirit became legendary after their charge up San Juan Hill surrounding Santiago, taking control. U.S. Navy sunk the Spanish fleet in a one-sided battle in Santiago Harbor= end to the Spanish colonization in Cuba. U.S. then turned their attention to Spanish- controlled Puerto Rico, which the U.S. conquered.

H. United States Colored Calvary U.S. troops were segregated during the Spanish-American War Very crucial to the U.S. success, the 9 th and 10 th Colored Calvaries did not receive a fraction of the praise that the Rough Riders did. U.S. soldiers fighting in this war also dealt with: –Typhoid –Yellow fever –Death by tainted meat

I. Cartoon of Uncle Sam U.S. involvement and victory did not end involvement for the U.S. in Cuba after the war. McKinley set up a military government while Cuba drafted their Constitution. U.S. insisted that their Constitution include the Platt Amendment: limiting Cuba’s foreign interaction and gave the U.S. the right to establish naval bases on the island, sending troops if needed to keep order. Signing the peace treaty with Spain- U.S. acquired: –Philippines –Guam –Puerto Rico