Animals Presentation This is an overview of the major Animal groups. It includes some major vocabulary. You will be assigned one group to research further and do a project on.

Concept Map Assignment On a piece of paper create a concept map of at least 15 bubbles that includes information in this presentation. Animals should be the center or top of your concept map. For Example: Animals Are sorted into two main groups Vertebrate Invertebrate

Two main groups of animals Invertebrates- Animals without backbones/spines Most are smaller because they do not have a backbone. Exoskeletons- tough outer coverings that do not grow but offer protection. Exoskeletons have to fall off in order for the organisms to grow…molt. Vertebrates- Animals with bones and spines 5% of animal species are vertebrates All have muscles, a digestive system, a respiratory system, a circulatory system and a nervous system with sensory organs. Endoskeleton- internal support system such as a skeleton made of bone tissue

Animal Body Plans and Symmetry All animals have complex, specialized Body Plans. Organ Systems, Organs, Tissues that all do specific jobs. An Animals’ Body Symmetry will tell you a lot about its body plan and systems. Symmetry is the arrangement of the animal’s body parts. Radial symmetry Bilateral symmetry Asymmetrical

Radial symmetry Body parts are arranged in a circle around a central point. Example: The spokes on a wheel.

Bilateral Symmetry Body parts are arranged in the same way on both sides of its body. Each ½ is a mirror image of the other. Example: A Butterfly

Asymmetrical Some organisms have no definite shape There is no way their bodies can be divided into matching halves. Example: There are many articles of clothing that are asymmetrical.

Six types of invertebrates: Porifera = Sponges Cnidarians Echinoderms Mollusks Arthropods Worms

Porifera = Sponges Simplest invertebrate animal on Earth. They live in water and filter food from their environment.

Cnidarians Live in water and have a central opening. Most have stinging cells for protection or catching prey. Examples: Jellyfish, sea anemones, hydra, corals

Worms Invertebrate animals that live in water or on land. They have soft, tube shaped bodies that have a distinctive head.

Mollusks Invertebrate animals that are divided into 3 groups. These animals have strong muscular feet in order to move and capture food. Ex: Clam, Snail, Octopus

Echinoderms Invertebrates with a spiny outer skeleton and central openings to take in food. Ex: Sea urchin, Sea cucumber, Star fish, Sand Dollar

Arthropods Invertebrate animal with a segmented body and exoskeleton. **See All About Arthropods** Ex: Insects crabs millipedes, arachnids.

Five groups of vertebrates: Birds Reptiles Mammals Amphibians Fish

Body Temperatures in Vertebrates Ectotherm- animals whose body temperatures change with the environment Ex. Fish, Reptiles, Amphibians Endotherm- animals that can maintain a constant body temperature. Ex. Birds, Mammals

Reptiles Scaly skin to protect from dry, harsh climate Ectotherm Young look like little adults Often active at night Lay hard-shelled eggs, fertilized internally

Amphibians Slimy, wet bodies Ectotherms Live some part of life cycle in water Young usually do Metamorphosis Lay soft-shelled eggs, fertilized externally

Birds Birds live in most environments Most can fly -> special adaptations to fly Endotherms- have adaptations for staying warm Have feathers and a beak; 4 limbs: a pair of scaly legs and a pair of wings Lay hard-shelled eggs

Mammals

Characteristics of Mammals Diverse group All mammals have hair (during some part of their life cycle) and body fat. Have teeth specialized for consuming particular kinds of food. All mammals produce milk to feed their young Give live birth (a couple odd ball exceptions)

Fish Most diverse group of vertebrates Adapted to life in all aquatic environments. Fish Reproduce Sexually

Fish are adapted to living in the water: swim bladder controls depth at which the fish swims Streamlined- muscles & fins push the fish through the water gills remove oxygen from water and in exchange for releasing carbon dioxide lateral line- which is an organ that allows fish to sense objects or organisms near by.

20, 000 different kinds of fish Kind of fish Traits Examples Jawless Tube-like shape, no stomach in their digestive systems. Lampreys, hagfish Cartilaginous Skeletons made of cartilage, feed on small animals Sharks, rays, skates Bony Bodies covered in scales, Skeletons made of bone Tuna, flounder, goldfish, perch, eels, (most fish you think of)