9 th Grade World History Miss. Stauffer Go to Main Menu

GeographyReligionMummification Pyramids / TemplesHieroglyphics Pharaohs Journey of the Ka Culture and Lifestyle All done? Click here to go to the Review Question

Egypt is in Northern Africa, in the Mediterranean Ancient Egypt is broken up into: Lower Egypt Upper Egypt 5 Cataracts - Southern Nile This is determined by the Nile, running South to North Lower Egypt- Nile Delta Upper Egypt- Where Nile begins Return to Main Menu

Polytheistic Each god or goddess had their own job in maintaining peace on the land. Ra- Sun god (most important) Anubis- god of mummification & the dead Horus- God of the sky, protector god Ma’at- Goddess of truth, justice and harmony They believed in reincarnation and an endless cycle of renewal. They were obsessed with death. Return to Main Menu

Definition: Process of preserving the dead for the soul’s afterlife. 1. Embalming the body with oils 2. The brain, intestines, stomach and lungs taken out & preserved and the body is dried for 40 days with Natron (note: the heart was not! That was the “center” of life and needed in the afterlife) 3. The body is washed and stuffed with dry materials to be life like. Wrapped organs are returned to the body. 4. The body is wrapped numerous times and placed in a coffin and finally in a sarcophagus. Return to Main Menu

This is where Anubis weighs their heart to determine if they have lived their life under the Ma’at principle. (life of pure good, not evil) If they pass, and their heart is light, their soul will enjoy immortality in the underworld. Egyptians believed that the dead go on a journey in the after life The dead roam through Duat (the underworld) in search of the House of Judgment. Return to Main Menu

Pyramids at Giza Built for pharaohs and their queens in the Old Kingdom. They served as the final resting place. Roughly 80 pyramids in Egypt, however those at Giza remained the most intact. By the 18 th Dynasty, pharaohs chose to be buried in temples rather than pyramids. Hatshepsut’s temple was the first in the Valley of the Kings. This architecture was widely imitated by later successors of Egypt. Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut Return to Main Menu

Egyptians used a type of “picture” writing called hieroglyphics. However, there’s other types as well. hieroglyphs –religious documentation Cursive hieratic - administrative documents Informal- short hand versions for note taking, perhaps on papyrus (similar to paper today- light, portable scrolls) How did we decipher Egyptian writings? The Rosetta Stone with 3 forms of writing: hieroglyphs, demotic Egyptian & classical Greek. Return to Main Menu

Hatshepsut: (1479 – 1458 BCE) Warrior female pharaoh with many successful military campaigns extending trade and diplomacy. Buried along with her father in her Mortuary Temple Hatshepsut in the Valley of the Kings. Tutankhamen: ( BCE) The famous “Boy Kind” became pharaoh at just 9 years old when his father, Akhenaten, mysteriously passes. His tomb, hidden under Ramses VI in the Valley of the Kings was found by Howard Carter in Cleopatra: (69-30 BCE) The last pharaoh of Ancient Egypt and ran Egypt in her own right during the Ptolemaic Dynasty. Return to Main Menu

Life revolved around the Nile in all of Egyptian culture. Most Egyptians were either farmers, craftsmen or scribes (people who read and wrote hieroglyphics as their job) There were also servants and slaves who worked for the wealthy and of course the pharaohs and nobles. Religion was extremely important to the culture and obeying the many gods and goddesses. Return to Main Menu

A.) Hatshepsut B.) Cleopatra C.) Tutankhamen

Nice try, but Hatshepsut is not correct. She was actually pharaoh before Akhenaten’s time. She receded her husband / brother, Thutmose II. Click here to try again!

Good guess, but not quite. Cleopatra was the last Egyptian Pharaoh and ruled many years after Akhenaten’s time. Click here to try again!

Yes! Correct! Tutankhamen ruled at only 9 years old after his father, Akhenaten mysteriously died. He ruled for another 9 years until his death. CORRECT! Click here to go on.

Please return to the beginning for the next student. Return to Title Slide