 DO NOW: Take out DBQ Assignment  Icebreaker ~ What were long term causes of WWI….I want general examples & specific examples!!!!!

 Militarism  Alliances  Imperialism  Nationalism  Assassination  Rivalry over trade markets ~ Sphere of Influence Asia  Imperial Rivalry  Morocco, Egypt, Alsace – Lorraine  Dual Alliance, Triple Alliance, Franco Russian, Triple Entente etc…

 The Balkans (originally part of Ottoman Empire)  Huge importance to Austria Hungary & Russia  Area unsettled due to the fact the newly formed independent states had national groups mixed in different states

 Ruled many different European people  Austria had lost much of its empire during the 19 th century to the other Great Powers  Bosnian Crisis 1908  Austria occupied two Balkan provinces Bosnia & Herzegovina & annexed the two provinces  As part of the deal Russia was suppose to be able to move warships from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean…Austria did not keep its end of the deal  Two provinces were largely made up of Serbians…Russia gave support to its protests  Germany backed Austria & in 1909 Russia was forced to stop supporting Serbia

 Serbia (independent) posed a threat to Austria  1912 Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, & Montenegro formed the Balkan League  Goal = Drive Turks out of Europe  October 1912 Balkan League attacked the Turks  Success worried the Great Powers (Austria in particular)  Consequences  Austria saw Serbia as a major threat and enemy  Russia kept good relations with Serbia for influence in the Balkans  Serbia did not like giving up territorial gains and the creation of Albania, so nationalist feelings in Serbia vs Austria ran high  Austria WANTS SUPPORT = approaches Germany for assistance vs. Serbia & Russia if necessary

 June 28 th 1914, the heir to the Austro – Hungarian Empire and his wife were killed by a terrorist visit to the Bosnian capital of Sarajevo  Reasons why???  Serbs in Bosnia resented Austria’s annexation of region in 1908 and wanted to see Bosnia join the independent country of Serbia The Black Hand Secret Society (terrorist group) went to Sarajevo to kill the heir Gavrilo Princip shot him and his wife

 Responded with a series of demands that Serbia thought compromised their independence  Serbia refused to meet with Austria setting the stage for war  Austria depended on Germany for support  Serbia depended on Russia for support  Mobilization – both sides put their armies on a war path  Austria gave Serbia an ultimatum demanding that Austrian officials be permitted to collaborate in investigating and punishing those responsible for the assassination  The Serbs rejected and the system of alliances would come into effect…

 Austria and Serbia began process of mobilizing their troops  Russia realizes danger of conflict begins to mobilize  Austria calls on Germany  Germany has plans to defeat the French on Western Front first = French begins to mobilize  Russia refused to stop its mobilization = Germany declaring war on Russia  Britain feared isolation…Britain had alliance with Belgium…Germany had plans to invade Belgium = Britain declaring war on Germany

 July 23, 1914 – Austria issues an ultimatum to Serbia  July 28 – Austria declares war on Serbia after Serbia only accepts partial acceptance of demands  July 29 – Russia orders partial mobilization of forces  July 30 – Germany mobilizes and demands Russia demobilize  August 1 – France mobilizes, Germany ultimatum to Russia noon, Germany declares war

 August 2 – Russia declares war, German ultimatum to Belgium to allow the passage of German troops  August 3 – Germany declares war on France  August 4 – Germany invades 8 am….Britain gives ultimatum to Germany stating it must withdraw by midnight…Britain declares war on Germany  August 6 – Austria – Hungary declares war on Russia  August 10 – Britain & France declare war on Austro – Hungarian Empire Timeline of events ~ July crisis cont….

 Our first QUIZ WILL BE NEXT CLASS!!!!!!  Short term & long term causes