Precipitation. From your text This is how your text shows the average precipitation over most of the planet.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Three Types of Precipitation. Relief There are three reasons why air is forced upward also forming three types of precipitation. Relief Precipitation-

Advertisements

WINDS Understand the cause of wind and how it affects climate Chapter 4 Chapter 4 Pages Pages

Precipitation Precipitation is any form of water that falls to the Earth's surface. 1.

Starter Arrange the following sentences in order to explain how rainfall happens a)Water vapour turns back to liquid and clouds form. b)Energy from the.

CONVECTIONAL This type os rainfall is characteristic of hot climates The Sun heats the ground and water evapores As water vapour rises, it cools When.

Chapter 5 Atmospheric Water and Weather

WATER IN THE EARTH’S CLIMATE SYSTEM. Ocean and Freshwater Distribution Figure 5.3.

Chapter 5 Atmospheric Water and Weather

Focus on the Terrestrial Cryosphere Cold land areas where water is either seasonally or permanently frozen. Terrestrial Cryosphere 0.25 m Frost Penetration.

Atmospheric Water - Weather

Weather and Climate. Vocabulary *weather *climate *evaporation *condensation *precipitation *runoff *clouds *air pressure *temperature *wind *density.

Climate Presentation. Climatic Processes Before we talk about Climatic processes a distinction needs to be made with weather. Before we talk about Climatic.

An Examination of the Tropical System – Induced Flooding in Central New York and Northeast Pennsylvania in 2004.

Weather Cloud Formation May 19, Adiabatic Temperature Changes When air is allowed to expand, it cools, and when its is compressed, it warms. Do.

Upper Air. Cold in the center (-46 C) Warm (-31 C)

What creates different climates in Canada and what impact does climate have on human activity? The Climates of Canada.

Rain Sleet Snow Hail Types of Precipitation. Precipitation Starts With Different Air Masses Being Pushed Around by Global Winds High pressured air mass.

The Factors that Affect Climate Grade Nine Socials.

Lecture 6: The Hydrologic Cycle EarthsClimate_Web_Chapter.pdfEarthsClimate_Web_Chapter.pdf, p. 10, 16-17, 21, 31-32, 34.

WINDS Understand the cause of wind and how they affect climate Chapter 4 Chapter 4 Pages Pages

Chapter 4 Moisture in the Atmosphere Chapter 4 Moisture in the Atmosphere Water on the Earth has three common states solid, liquid, and vapor Each with.

Weather and Climate Part II

Objectives –climatology –climate –normal Vocabulary –tropics –temperate zone –polar zone Recognize limits associated with the use of normals. Explain.

Clouds and Cloud Formation

Chapter 3 Physical Geography: Climate and Vegetation

Figure (p. 202) Precipitation formation. Water droplets in clouds are formed by nucleation of vapor on aerosols, then go through many condensation-evaporation.

Earth’s Water Balance. Changes of State Water Vapor in the Air.

Chapter 5 Atmospheric Moisture and Precipitation.

Precipitation Hydrology (Spring 2013) Illinois State University Instructor: Eric Peterson.

What causes vertical motion? In confined fluids, vertical motion is always accompanied by rotation. For example (click):

Midterm 2 Test on Friday, Feb. 25 th Multiple choice just like the last exam Study chapters 3-8 (up to p 227 in Ch 8) Bring a pink PARSCORE Scantron sheet.

Climate Geographic Literacy.  Climate can only be described after you know something about weather… Climate.

Thunderstorms Section 13-1 p Thunderstorms Section 13-1 p

Weather & Climate Chapter 6. Weather & Climate Weather:  Refers to the current, day-to-day, short term conditions of the atmosphere.

Clouds. Relationship of lapse rate and humidity Compare the lapse rate from the slope at 800 – 2700 & ~4700. How does this affect relative humidity?

Cloud Formation Mechanisms. A little quiz…

*Refer to Chapters 10 & 11 in your Textbook. Learning Goals: 1. I can analyze how wind circulation and coriolis develop air masses. 2. I can differentiate.

Weather Table of Contents Water in the Atmosphere Clouds Precipitation

Lecture 8: Precipitation and Evaporation Reading: Applied Hydrology Sec on evaporation and evapotranspiration.

Atmosphere & Climate Part 2 Mr. Sierra. Climate How is climate different from weather? Weather changes every day & every moment It is simply what is.

Unit 7: Severe Weather Lecture 1 Objectives: E4.3f - Describe how mountains, frontal edging (including dry lines) convection, and convergence form clouds.

Fronts Mountains Heat Capacity Latent Heat “The Weather”

Weather Patterns of the Pacific Coast Rain and Snowfall Patterns.

How Clouds Form. Important Terms Humidity: The amount of water vapor in the air Humidity can be measured two ways o Relative Humidity: how much water.

Air and the Sun  For the most part, the Sun’s energy never actually reaches the Earth but is lost in space.  The greenhouse effect is when the atmosphere.

Precipitation. Last year in Oneonta Total precipitation: 42.16” Average: 42.22” ( )

WEATHER & CLIMATE (II). WEATHER: the state of the atmosphere at a particular time & place. It refers to the meteorological phenomena that affect a relatively.

What is the name for water turning into water vapour? What is the name for water turning from a gas into a liquid? What is the name for rainfall, sleet,

What type of weather will a LOW pressure system bring? As a low pressure system approaches the pressure will drop due to rising air. As the air rises.

Northeast Regional Climate Information Projected Climate Changes for the Northeast More frequent and intense extreme precipitation events, 100-year storm.

Chapter 4: Weather and Climate Notes

Properly Carols Christmas Sing Can Elephants All

Atmospheric Lifting Mechanisms

TYPES OF RAINFALL.

Unit Weather Precipitation.

Forecasting Weather.

Climate Controls and Precipitation

Climate Geographic Literacy.

Warm Up January 25, 2011.

Climate Geographic Literacy.

Understand the cause of wind and how it affects climate

World Ocean Currents.

Precipitation, moisture & clouds

S4 – Weather Unit Image copyright Joseph Kerski.

Understand the cause of wind and how they affect climate

Presentation transcript:

Precipitation

From your text

This is how your text shows the average precipitation over most of the planet.

Another look, this one in color.

From your text, clouds and precipitation form when humid air rises. Here are three of the most common mechanisms for causing air to rise. Orographic upliftConvection Frontal and cyclonic lift

Hawaii has some of the highest annual average precipitation records. What are the factors which combine to produce the immense rainfall maximum seen here?

Topographical map of Hawaii.

Excluding Hawaii and Alaska, this is the U.S. average annual precipitation (rain + melted snow/ice)

Same as the previous slide, but only for January. Notice the interesting pattern around the Great Lakes.

Same as before, but only for July. The most precipitation falls in the southeast. Why?

Last year in Oneonta Total precipitation: 48.68” Average: 42.04” ( )

July ”

What creates this pattern of precipitation in NY?

December-January-February average snowfall (inches)

Tropical Cyclones can have an immense effect on precipitation totals

So, the pattern of precipitation in NY can be explained.

Where you see rainfall (and where it is dry) is NOT random

Precipitation Summary 1.To get precipitation you must have enough water vapor. Proximity to water sources will be common to places with high average precipitation. 2. Upward vertical motion is the second requirement. Places with high average precipitation also have strong mechanisms providing lift. Lift mechanisms: Topographic relief (mountains) Convection or instability Fronts or cyclones (both tropical and extratropical) Wet and dry areas on the globe form patterns, suggesting a systematic organization of these elements. This is due to the General Circulation patterns.

So, what happens in places that don’t get a lot of precipitation?

It’s normally dry in the southwest but abnormally so this year)

 “Normal” pattern (surface and upper air) Drought pattern (1988) 

Some places are drier than others. Those that regularly experience upper air ridges will be dry, even during non-drought years. Where does that occur on average around the world and WHY? Next: General Circulation