The Progressive Movement 1890-1920

Why the Progressive Movement? Progressives wanted to: Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Foster efficiency

Progressives Philosophies Actions * Populists *Labor Leaders People Philosophies Actions * Populists *Labor Leaders *Social Reformers *Middle-class *Women *College-educated *Fight Against Poverty *Regulate Corporations *Make Social Reforms *End Corruption in Government *Progress *Science *Active Government *Technology *Protestant Moral Values

Accomplishments of Progressives Local Level State Level Federal Level Commission System Direct Primary Pure Food &Drug Act Initiative City Manager Plan Meat Inspection Act Referendum Interstate Commerce Commission Recall

Served in Congress before running for governor of Wisconsin in 1900. Robert M. La Follete: Served in Congress before running for governor of Wisconsin in 1900. He targeted big business and forced them out of politics.

Muckraker A journalist who exposed the corrupt side of business and public life in the early 1900s.

This muckraker exposed the meat packing industry. The Jungle by Upton Sinclair This muckraker exposed the meat packing industry. Because of him we learned about all the tasty tidbits they put in our breakfast sausage.

Banned impure or mislabeled Pure Food &Drug Act 1906 Banned impure or mislabeled foods and drugs.

1906 Provided for federal meat inspection. (No more rats!) Meat Inspection Act Provided for federal meat inspection. (No more rats!) 1906

W.E.B. DuBois: African American leader who helped found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People(NAACP) in 1909. This organization fought for equality and against discrimination.

So, what was going on in the political world?

1896 - William McKinley elected president (R) 1900 - McKinley re-elected 1901 - McKinley assassinated. Vice President Teddy Roosevelt becomes youngest president ever to serve office. 1904 - T.R. elected president (R) 1908 - William Howard Taft elected president (R) 1912 - 3 way race for president. Woodrow Wilson (D) wins.

Presidential Election The 1912 Presidential Election The Republican Candidate: William Howard Taft The Progressive Candidate: Theodore Roosevelt (a.k.a. TR) The Democratic Candidate: Woodrow Wilson The Socialist Candidate: Eugene V. Debs

Teddy Roosevelt Served 2 Terms as President Took over after Mckinley was assassinated. Was known as a Roughrider during the SAW.

"Square Deal" TRUSTBUSTER The policy under Teddy Roosevelt said that if you were a good trust and allowed the federal government to regulate your actions, you were left alone. If you were a bad trust and ignored the federal government, then Teddy Roosevelt busted up the trust into a bunch of smaller businesses. “Speak softly and carry a big stick!” TRUSTBUSTER

Hepburn Act 1906 Along with the Interstate Commerce Commission & the Sherman Antitrust Act, this Act allowed the government to regulate the railroads by allowing the ICC to set maximum railroad rates.

To use limited resources wisely. To keep something as it is. Conservation To use limited resources wisely. Preservation To keep something as it is.

RESERVOIR

Gifford Pinchot, who was the chief adviser to TR on natural resources in this country, favored using federally controlled lands for parks and refuges. He also believed that natural resources on the land should be used productively.

Restore dry western lands back to productivity through irrigation National Reclamation Act 1902 Restore dry western lands back to productivity through irrigation

John Muir: Muir was a big preservationist. He wanted federally controlled lands to be left alone so they could be enjoyed by Americans for their natural beauty and splendor.

Created to protect the natural beauty of selected federal land National Park Service 1916 Created to protect the natural beauty of selected federal land

YOSEMITE

YELLOWSTONE

Socialist Party of America led by Eugene V. Debs Socialists believe that workers should control both business and the government. Socialists gained their support from the foreign born, farmers, and labor organizers. Their leader was Eugene V. Debs who would run for president in 1912 and get at least 6% of the popular vote. Their goal was to improve the conditions of the American worker.

Teddy Roosevelt as a socially responsible president Sought control over large corporations (Trustbuster) Mediated coal strike Did not call in federal troops Activated Sherman Antitrust Act Ordered arbitration Established “Square Deal” Policy Regulated railroads through the Hepburn Act Ended Strike

Taft led the Republicans in 1908 Taft led the Republicans in 1908. His time in office split the Republican Party in two for the 1912 election. He led the conservative half, the progressive half broke away and was led by Teddy Roosevelt. I’m hungry!!

TR did not like what Taft did to his Republican Party so he split off and formed the Progressive “BULL MOOSE” Party. This would cost both Taft and TR the Presidency.

Democrat Woodrow Wilson won the 1912 presidential election because the Republican Party was too divided to be able to get enough votes.

Clayton Antitrust Act Made it more difficult for monopolies to form People who ran a company could be held personally responsible if the company violated the law Made strikes, peaceful picketing and boycotts legal

16th Amendment Allowed government to collect income tax.

Voters of each state elected their senators directly. 17th Amendment Voters of each state elected their senators directly.

18th Amendment Went in to effect in 1919 – Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and public consumption of alcohol

Women acquire universal suffrage throughout the U.S. 19th Amendment Women acquire universal suffrage throughout the U.S.