Aluminum. Assessment statement Describe and explain the production of aluminum by electrolysis of alumina in molten cyrolite. (Include the use of cyrolite.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Advertisements

1 Secondary 4 Chemistry Extraction of Aluminium via electrolysis JT 2009 Raffles Programme.

Science PowerPoint: William Freddy Curle. Definitions Electrode n. 1. A solid electric conductor through which an electric current enters or leaves an.

After completing this topic you should be able to : State ores are naturally occurring compounds of metals. State the less reactive metals, including.

12 Chemistry 2.2 quantitative chemistry CR 07 Practical uses of Electrolysis Electrolysis is an expensive process because of the energy involved. Electrolysis.

UNDERSTANDING METALS AND NON-METALS

Transition Metals Noadswood Science, Transition Metals To understand the properties of transition metals Monday, May 04, 2015.

Electrolytic Cells Is a Galvanic Cell forced to operate in reverse Process is called electrolysis This occurs if a voltage greater than that produced by.

Electrolysis project Electrode: Is an electrical conductor that is used to pass current through an electrolyte.

Aluminium and Titanium

The Metals of Group 13 How do the group 13 elements differ? Boron is a metalloid (i.e. a semiconductor). It is much harder than the other elements in group.

What is an ore? Why do we have to use chemical reactions to extract most metals? What is the name given to the group of metals in the centre of the periodic.

Chemicals of the Natural Environment. C5 Lesson 8.

Yr 10 Electrolysis project. Yr 10 Electrolysis project.

Standard Grade Chemistry Topic 11 - Metals. Properties of Metals Density – this is the mass of a substance in a given volume.  A high density material.

Aluminium & Titanium Noadswood Science, Aluminium & Titanium To know how aluminium and titanium are used Saturday, August 08, 2015.

Aluminium Run your mouse over these words to start the presentation.

Chemistry in Industry and Technology Option C. Aluminium.

ALUMINIUM Extraction and uses. BACKGROUND Aluminium is the most common metal in the Earth’s crust. It comprises approximately 7.5% of the crust by mass.

Occurrence and Distribution of Metals

Aluminium and Titanium

Titanium & Aluminium L.O

Production and Uses of Metals CHEMISTRY 2 Additional Science Chapter 8.

Corrosion. Corrosion-An oxidization of a metal, and the oxide flaking off. Oxidized metal is commonly called rust Most commonly oxygen will oxidize a.

Cairo University Faculty of Engineering 2nd year Dept of Metallurgy.

Write down the Reactivity Series from Potassium to Gold.

APPLICATIONS of REDOX REACTIONS. ELECTROPLATING Electroplating is the use of electrolysis to apply a thin layer of one metal over another.

Aluminum and Titanium These are two metals with a low density which means they are lightweight for their size. Aluminumis used for aircraft, trains, overhead.

Extraction of Aluminium Aluminium is extracted using electrolysis because it is too reactive to be extracted using carbon.

Summary : Rocks and metals Ores are compounds which contain enough metal to make it economic to extract the metal. Examples of ores include: Haematite.

Explain the process of electrolysis and its uses

Aluminium & Titanium To know how aluminium and titanium are used Thursday, October 15, 2015 Starter activity: Cross Word How many clues can you answer.

Material & energy requirements Technical University of Crete Mining Department of Mineral Resources Engineering Metalurgical Processes – Prof. Komnitsas.

By: NN C.1.1  The main source of Iron is Iron Ore.

ELECTROLYSIS Electrolysis is a method of using a direct electric current (DC) to drive an otherwise non- spontaneous chemical reaction. Electrolysis is.

Cell potential is related to concentrations Electrodes can be used that are sensitive to specific ions They measure concentrations of specific ions which.

Electrolysis L.O: To be able to describe the uses and predict the products of electrolysis.

Aluminum Metal of the 21st Century.

Metal ores and mining Ores are naturally occurring rocks found in the Earth’s crust. They contain metal/metal compounds in sufficient amounts to make it.

Aluminium It is a metal with a low density which means it is lightweight for its size Aluminium is used for aircraft, trains, overhead power cables, saucepans.

Atomic Number: 13 Atomic Weight: Discovery: Hans Christian Oersted (1825 Denmark), Wohler (1827) Word Origin: Latin alumen: alum, an astringent.

EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY OF ALUMINIUM Intro: Aluminium is the most abundant metal in Earth. It occurs in nature in the form of aluminium oxide and other combined.

Electrolysis – background

Making aluminium.

Aluminium Extraction and Uses.

Revision lesson.  Metals found in the ground are normally found as a METAL ORE – combined with other elements in compounds  Metals found on their own.

M. Rahman C1 TOPIC 4 1) Why are gold and platinum found in the ground as uncombined elements? Answers Unreactive-don’t react with oxygen.

IGCSE CHEMISTRY SECTION 5 LESSON 1. Content The iGCSE Chemistry course Section 1 Principles of Chemistry Section 2 Chemistry of the Elements Section 3.

Aluminium and Titanium Aluminium and Titanium These are two metals with a low density which means they are lightweight for their.

Aluminium Extraction and Uses WaSwimvCGA8.

Topic 3 Metals and their uses. Extracting metals Metals are found in the Earth’s crust They are often chemically combined with other elements – this is.

Learning objective: demonstrate electrolysis as the decomposition of a molten salt by an electric current see patterns in the changes at the electrodes.

Extraction of Aluminum By Peter Bassett and Ben Reading-Thompson.

Chapter 17.  Which metals were discovered earliest?  Gold, copper, silver = less reactive metals  Found “native” ie. as pure metal  More reactive.

Q: Where do we obtain most of our metals from?

Recycle or raw materials?

Building Materials Metals.

Metals and Metallurgy.

Title: Uses of Electrolysis Complete the activities listed below

extraction of metals extraction of aluminium -

Group 3 Members General comment

Extraction of metals.

Presentation transcript:

Aluminum

Assessment statement Describe and explain the production of aluminum by electrolysis of alumina in molten cyrolite. (Include the use of cyrolite as a solvent because of the very high melting point of Al2O3 and the type of materials used for the construction of the cell and choice of electrodes.)

Production of Aluminum Aluminum is primarily made by the electro lytic reduction of aluminum oxide. Aluminum oxide or aluminum does not occ ur naturally. The main ore of aluminum is bauxite. Bauxite is in the form of mainly aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3, and other impurities su ch as iron(III) oxide and titanium hydroxide, and other few oxides.

Bayer process Bayer process is the process of extracting aluminum oxide from bauxite. Bauxite is powdered prior to the process. As aluminum oxide is amphoteric, it dissol ves in sodium hydroxide solution. Al(OH)3(s) + NaOH(aq)  NaAlO2(aq) + 2H2O(l)

The aluminate solution is filtered leaving b ehind the impurities. Seeding with aluminum hydroxide then re verses the reaction. The pure recrystallized aluminum hydroxid e is then heated to produce aluminum oxid e (alumina). 2Al(OH)3  Al2O3(s) + 3H2O(l)

Use of cryolite To make the electrolysis happen, alumina has to be in aqueous state. Alumina has a very high melting point of 2045°C. Cryolite (sodium hexafluoroaluminate(III), Na3Al F6) melts at about 950°C and the solution can di ssolve alumina sufficiently well. Considerable energy is still required to heat cryo lite and dissolve alumina, but it is much more en ergy-efficient than melting the alumina itself.

Natural cryolite is depleted long ago, thus synthetic cryolite is needed. The aluminate solution (NaAlO2(aq)) from Bayer process is used in separate process to make synthetic cryolite. Hydrogen fluoride and sodium carbonate i s added to the solution to precipitate cyrolit e. NaAlO2(aq) + 6HF(g) + Na2CO3(aq)  N a3AlF6(s) +3H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Hall-Heroult process Hall-Heroult process is an electrolysis proc ess that extracts aluminum out of alumina (aluminum oxide). Overall cell reaction is Alumina + carbon = aluminum + carbon di oxide

Assessment statement Describe the main properties and uses of aluminum and its alloys.

Properties of aluminum Malleable and can be shaped easily Excellent conductor of heat and electricity Has much a lower density than iron, yet can for m alloys that are stronger than steel Resistant to corrosion due to its protective layer of aluminum oxide The thickness of the oxide layer can be further in creased by a process known as anodizing.

Uses of aluminum UseExamples TransportSuperstructures of trains, ships and airplanes. Alloy engines for cars. ConstructionWindow frames, doors roofing Power transmissionOverhead electricity cables, capacitor foil Kitchen utensilsKettles, saucepans PackagingDrink cans, foil wrapping Chemical industryAl(OH)3 – flame retarder, paper making Al2(SO4)3 – flocculant in sweage treatment and to precipitate PO43- Al2O3 – catalyst and catalytic support material, abrasive

Assessment statement Discuss the environmental impact of iron a nd aluminum production.

Environmental impact Smelting processes of aluminum requires enorm ous amount of electricity. Also, the main process which is the electrolysis emits carbon dioxide which is greenhouse gas. Recycling aluminum is an important method of s aving energy and minimizing the environmental damage. Recycling aluminum requires only 5% of the ene rgy to produce the same amount of aluminum fro m bauxite.