Arteries of lower extremity Superior gluteal artery: Branch of posterior div. of internal iliac artery Enters the gluteal region through greater sciatic foramen passing above the piriformis. In the foramen it divides into superficial & deep branches. Superficial branch supplies gluteus max. Deep branch subdivides into sup. & inf. branches

Arteries of gluteal region Inferior gluteal artery Branch of ant. Div. of internal iliac artery Enters gluteal region by passing through greter sciatic foramen below the piriformis. It Supplies Musular branches Cutaneous branches to buttock & back of thigh Articular branch to hip joint Artery to sciatic nerve Cruciate anastamotic branch Coccygeal branch

Arteries of gluteal region Internal pudendal artery Branch of ant. Div of internal iliac artey Enters gluteal region through greater sciatic foramen

Trochanteric anastomosis This anastomosis is a channel of communication between internal iliac and femoral arteries. Situated near the trochanteric fossa Supplies branches to head of femur Inf. Div. of deep branch of sup. Gluteal artery Ascending branch of medial circumflex femoral artery Ascending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery Often the inf. Gluteal artery

Cruciate anastomosis Situated at the level of lesser trochanter of femur Formed by Inferior gluteal artery Medial femoral circumflex artery Lateral femoral circumflex artery First perforating artery, a branch of profunda femoris artery

Profunda femoris Largest branch of femoral artery Main artery of all three compartments of thigh Arises from lateral side of femoral artery 4cm below the inguinal ligament Branches: Medial circumflex femoral artery Lateral circumflex femoral artery 4 perforating arteries

Profunda femoris & its branches

Popliteal artery Continuation of femoral artery Begins at the opening in the adductor magnus Runs downwards &laterally to reach lower border of popliteus At that point it terminates by dividing into ant. &post. Tibial arteries Branches Muscular : supply adductor magnus & hamstrings ,terminate by anastomosing with 4th perforating artery

Popliteal artery Cutaneous: accompany small saphanous vein Genicular: 5 in number 2 superior: medial & lateral superior genicular arteries 2 inferior: medial & lateral inferior genicular arteries 1 middle

Anterior tibial artery Smaller terminal branch Passes into ant. Compartment by passing through gap in the upper part of interosseous membrane Deep in the upper part of course Supply adjacent muscles Superficial in the lower part passes behind the extensor retinaculum, has ext.hallucis longus tendon on its medial side and deep peroneal nerve and extensor digitorum longus on its lateral side On entering the ankle region it becomes dorsalis pedis artery

Anterior tibial artery Branches Muscular branches Anastomotic branches with branches of other arteries around knee and ankle joint Vanea commitantes of anterior tibial artery joins with those of posterior tibial artery in the popliteal fossa to form popliteal vein

Dorsalis pedis artery It terminates by passing downward into the sole between the two heads of 1st dorsal interosseous muscle Joins lateral planter artery to form planter arch Branches Lateral tarsal artery Arcuate artery (gives off dorsal metatarsal artery) 1st dorsal metatarsal artery

Posterior tibial artery Branches Peroneal artery Muscular branch Nutrient artery to tibia Anastomotic branch circumflex fibular branch malleolar branch calcaneal branch terminal branches Medial & lateral planter arteries

Medial planter artery gives off muscular to the adjoining muscles 3 small superficial digital branches lateral planter artery larger terminal branch ends at the base of 5th metatarsal bone by continuing with planter arch branches 1) muscular branches 2)superficial branches supplying skin & 3)anastomotic branches 4) Calcaneal branch

Planter arch Formed by direct continuation of lateral planter artery. Completed medially by dorsalis pedis artery Extends from base of 5th metatarsal bone to the proximal part of 1st intermetatarsal space Lies between 3rd & 4th layer of sole Accompanied by vanea commitantes & deep branch of lateral planter nerve

Planter arch Branches 4 planter metatarsal arteries 3 proximal perforating arteries Communicate with the dorsal metatarsal arteries (branches of arcuate artery) Distal end of each planter metatarsal artery gives of distal perforating artery