The Hardware Behind the Internet A virtual tour

Pictorial View of the Internet Backbone The “Internet Backbone” refers to the principal data routes between large, strategically interconnected networks and core routers in the Internet. These data routes are hosted by commercial, government, academic and other high- capacity network centers, the Internet exchange points and network access points, that interchange Internet traffic between the countries, continents and across the oceans of the world. Each line is drawn between two nodes, representing two IP addresses. This is a small look at the backbone of the Internet.

How the internet crosses the Ocean Click here to download a map detailing all of the submarine cables connecting different continents and countries. Underwater Cable Map These are highly insulated fiber optic wires that can transmit up to 3000 GB per second. This is the most affordable and reliable way to send information across the oceans.

Internet Exchange Point This is a picture of LINX, an IXP (internet exchange point), located in London. Information travels across the ocean to an IXP such as this and is then disseminated throughout Europe and beyond. Conversely information sent from Europe travels to an IXP and then travels through fiber optic cable to another IXP in the US.

LAN (Local Area Network) A system that links together electronic office equipment, such as computers and word processors, and forms a network within an office or building. These are linked to the internet using a router and usually a firewall which prevents unwanted access from outside the LAN. Ethernet cables are usually used to connect the computers, servers, printers, and other network devices.

LAN in the Home A LAN doesn’t have to be in an office. Many people now have a wireless LAN in their house. This allows users to connect their home computers, blu-ray players, TV’s, video game consoles, and other electronics to the internet and each other without having to install expensive wiring throughout the home.