Federal Columbia River Power System Operations Planning

2 The FCRPS Partnership (Army Corps of Engineers, Bureau of Reclamation, Bonneville Power Administration) –Low cost, reliable power & effective stewardship –Generates power worth $3-4 billion annually to the people of the Pacific Northwest –Through direct funding agreements, the program spends over $300 million annually on O&M programs The FCRPS includes: – 31 hydroelectric projects (21 COE/10 BOR) – 209 turbine-generating units Capacity and Production: –Over 22,000 MW of nameplate generation –8,700 aMW of energy production with average water –89% of the FCRPS generating capacity is in the “Big 10” dispatchable projects Hydropower Facts: –65% of the region’s power comes from hydro –40% of all U.S. hydropower is generated on the Columbia and Snake Rivers

Operational Objectives Multiple purposes & interests of the FCRPS –Flood Control –Irrigation –Navigation –Recreation –Operations for listed and unlisted fish species (BiOps) –Control Area Services –Power Power production is driven by need to move water to meet the above objectives. 3

4 Albeni Falls Dam 20-25% of GCL average inflow 1’ of forebay = 1’ of forebay at GCL 1 unit of water produces 2 MW at site 1 unit of water produces up to 60 MW for D/S Fed projects Columbia Basin

 More than a factor of 2 variability from driest to wettest year  Drives operational objectives. Annual Runoff of Columbia River Storage capacity in the Columbia Basin is about 30% of the total annual runoff 5

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Lake Pend Oreille Pre and Post Dam

FCRPS Annual Operations Fall Kokanee Spawning minimum elevation at Coulee, Fall Chinook spawning maximum flow at Brownlee Vernita Bar Fall Chinook spawning maximum daytime flow mid-October through November then maintain minimum protection flow through May at Priest Rapids Bonneville Chum operation min/max tailwater elevation for spawning Nov/Dec with protection flows through March Winter System draft for winter loads, first snow survey and volume forecast to determine Flood Risk Elevations, and Variable Draft Limits Continue to maintain Bonneville minimum flow for chum salmon Maintain Priest Minimum flow for Vernita Bar 10

FCRPS Operations (continued) Spring Target reaching April 10 BiOp elevations at storage projects followed by April 30, flood risk draft Begin releasing water for BiOp flow requirements at McNary and Lower Granite Begin fish spill at Lower Columbia and Lower Snake projects Begin White sturgeon flows in May–June at Libby Target storage project refill by about June 30 Meet Bull Trout flows at Libby and Hungry Horse in May–September Summer Continue drafting to provide summer flows per BiOp Continue fish spill on Lower Columbia and Snake River per BiOp Operate Dworshak for downstream temperature control and Nez Perce Agreement 11

Other factors influencing system operations Water Quality Standards Requests for special operations Treaty fishing Fish habitat restoration projects Recreation Events (fishing derbies, boat races, etc.) Special navigation requests Dam/reservoir modifications Outages 12

Power Planning Generation = Load Generation must equal Load every second What is generation (supply)? What is load (demand)? Are they equal? --rarely during planning How much can we adjust supply? --limited –Flexibility Operational objectives, constraints, and special operations How much can we store/release (adjust generation) and not violate the items above? How much can we adjust demand? –Buy and sell electricity

Ideal No buy/sell actions Surplus Sell Deficit Buy Loads & Generation

15 Short-Term/Mid-Term Planning (next two weeks – one year) Coordinate special operations with Corps/BOR Coordinate outage planning with Corps /BOR Providing inventory assessment (capacity and energy) for marketing Implement Treaty via weekly Treaty requests with BCH for flow at boarder Real Time (24x7 operation) Send generation requests to projects (matching generation to load) Integrate hourly/daily marketing & wind with hydraulic objectives Manage hourly water operation of FCRPS (spill, tailwater, forebay, ramp rates, etc.) Planning Horizons

Load (demand) Temperature variation affects demand Economic trends affect demand Technology changes affect demand (server farms, electric vehicles) Market Depth Prices (MW & natural gas) Thermal unit availability Wind generation Transmission availability Streamflow (fuel) Water supply forecast Daily streamflows Planning Uncertainty

Endangered Species Protection Irrigation Flood Risk Management Navigation Recreation Hydropower Fish and Wildlife Municipal and Industrial Water Supply 17 Questions?