Insular Southeast Asia

Malaysia

Sarawak Pepper Plantation

Kuala Lumpur city center

KL City Hall

Petronas Towers, KL

Muslim graveyard, Sarawak

Sabah Village

Singapore

Horsbergh lighthouse, Johor Strait, Claimed by Malaysia and Singapore

Singapore’s harbor and downtown

Palau Bukom off Singapore

Indonesia

Borobudur, 9 th century Buddhist Temple on Java

Prince Siddartha Gatauma became an ascetic hermit and founded Buddhism, bas relief at Borobudur, Java

Javanese ships plied the India Ocean and were believed to have reached East Africa in the 7-9 th century AD, bas-relief Borobudur

Sukarno (Kusono Sosrodihardjo ), Indonesia’s first president, Initially a hero, he descended into authoritarianism, presiding over a conflict between the military and the Indonesian Communist movement (PKI), in which nearly a million died. He died under house arrest during the Suharto regime.

Suharto (Kemusu Argamulja, ), Indonesia’s 2 nd president, , established “democracy” following the communist purge of His “New Order,” backed by the U.S., led to Indonesian economic growth, rejoining the U.N., founding of ASEAN, and Indonesia’s entry into the G-20. However, the military authoritarian regime was intolerant of dissent and violent civil conflicts marred the regime’s reputation.

Megawati Sukarnoputri, Sukarno’s daughter and 5 th president of Indonesia. Indonesia’s Presidents

KrakatoaKrakatoa before 1883, during and after the eruption

The Dutch East India Company’s interests in Indonesia

The Dutch East India Company (VOC)

Nutmeg & mace

Pepper corns Botanical name: Piper nigrum Greeks called it: peperi Romans called it: piper Sanskrit: pippali English: pepper Family : Piperaceae, the black pepper family

Black Pepper corns grow on vines!

Bali Hindu Temple

Bali

Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Java

Borneo: Sarawak and Sabah are part of Malaysia; the Kalimantan is part of Indonesia; Brunei is an independent Sultanate.

Kalimantan, Borneo

Borneo

Borneo traveler gets ink

Brunei, an oil-rich Islamic Sultanate. Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque

New Guinea (Iryan Jaya, Indonesia) Papua New Guinea is an independent state.

Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea

Matt in New Guinea