Cyberbullying Seanean Shanahan Instructional Technology Applications Facilitator Instructional Media Services - LAUSD

What is it? “Cyberbullying is the intentional use of any digital medium, including text-messaging, pagers, and phone calls, to harm others.” (Palfrey 90) “Cyberbullying is the intentional use of any digital medium, including text-messaging, pagers, and phone calls, to harm others.” (Palfrey 90) Can start as teasing or joking Can start as teasing or joking How does it differ from traditional bullying? How does it differ from traditional bullying? Direct – aimed at the victim Direct – aimed at the victim Indirect – about the victim, but often without the victim’s knowledge Indirect – about the victim, but often without the victim’s knowledge

Statistics “Nearly two-thirds of U.S. kids ages 3 to 17 live in a home that has a personal computer…” (Sparling 2004, p. 19) “Nearly two-thirds of U.S. kids ages 3 to 17 live in a home that has a personal computer…” (Sparling 2004, p. 19) It is estimated that 91 percent of kids 12 to 15 years old and almost all teens (99 percent) ages 16 to 18 use the Internet” (Keith, 2005, 224). It is estimated that 91 percent of kids 12 to 15 years old and almost all teens (99 percent) ages 16 to 18 use the Internet” (Keith, 2005, 224). “More than four in five adolescents currently own at least one type of electronic device, such as a cell phone, BlackBerry, personal data assistant, or computer…55 percent of Americans ages 12 to 17 were using online social networking sites such as Facebook or MySpace…” (Harvard Mental Health Letter, 2008, p. 4). “More than four in five adolescents currently own at least one type of electronic device, such as a cell phone, BlackBerry, personal data assistant, or computer…55 percent of Americans ages 12 to 17 were using online social networking sites such as Facebook or MySpace…” (Harvard Mental Health Letter, 2008, p. 4).

Who Does it? Social climbers Social climbers o Against weak and powerful Victims of bullies Victims of bullies o To gain power of their own School leaders School leaders o Because they can

Statistics Eleven percent of the students (13 percent of the girls and 8.6 percent of the boys) reported cyberbullying someone else at least once in the previous two months. Of those students who reported cyberbullying others, 41.3 percent reported bullying another student at school, 32.7 percent reported bullying a friend, and 12.6 percent reported bullying a sibling” (Chibarro, 2007, p. 65). Eleven percent of the students (13 percent of the girls and 8.6 percent of the boys) reported cyberbullying someone else at least once in the previous two months. Of those students who reported cyberbullying others, 41.3 percent reported bullying another student at school, 32.7 percent reported bullying a friend, and 12.6 percent reported bullying a sibling” (Chibarro, 2007, p. 65).

Social Climbers

Perez Hilton

Where is it done? Everywhere Everywhere o Classroom o Home o PE field o Lunch area o Street corner o You name it…

What do they use? Cell phones Cell phones Instant Messages (IM) Instant Messages (IM) Social networking sites Social networking sites Chat rooms Chat rooms Online video sites Online video sites Online burn books Online burn books Blogs Blogs And more… And more…

Who is affected? Everyone Everyone Students Students Teachers Teachers Administrators Administrators Parents Parents

What To Do Prevention Prevention Education Education Empathy Empathy

What Not To Do Never post what you wouldn’t want others to read Never post what you wouldn’t want others to read Never share passwords Never share passwords Never respond Never respond Never punish the victim Never punish the victim

CA Library Standards Grade Demonstrate ethical, legal, and safe use of information in print, media and online resources: a. Define cyber bullying and its effects b. Identify types of personal information and the appropriate and inappropriate ways to share it.

Current Ad Campaigns

Current Ad Campaigns cont’d

Recommendations Education Education  Administration  Faculty  Students Coverage Coverage  Recognition  Prevention  Consequences

Recommended Novel Titles Twisted By Laurie Halse Anderson Twisted By Laurie Halse Anderson Chat Room by Kristin Butcher (Orca book) Chat Room by Kristin Butcher (Orca book) TTYL by Lauren Myracle TTYL by Lauren Myracle Kiss & Blog by Alyson Noel Kiss & Blog by Alyson Noel Something to Blog About by Shana Norris Something to Blog About by Shana Norris

Recommended Titles (cont’d) Bad Apple by Laura Ruby Bad Apple by Laura Ruby Good Girls by Laura Ruby (recommend for high school only) Good Girls by Laura Ruby (recommend for high school only) The Revealers by Doug Wilhelm The Revealers by Doug Wilhelm Queen of the Toilet Bowl by Frieda Wishinsky (Orca book) Queen of the Toilet Bowl by Frieda Wishinsky (Orca book)

References Adams, Dennis and Rebecca Angeles. "Mobile Devices at School: Possibilities, Problems, and Tough Choices." Educational Technology 48 (2008): Adams, Dennis and Rebecca Angeles. "Mobile Devices at School: Possibilities, Problems, and Tough Choices." Educational Technology 48 (2008): American Association of School Librarians. Information Power: Building Partnerships for Learning. Chicago: American Library Association, American Association of School Librarians. Information Power: Building Partnerships for Learning. Chicago: American Library Association, Beale, Andrew V. and Kimberly R. Hall. "Cyberbullying: What School Administrators (and Parents) Can Do." The Clearing House 81 (2007): Beale, Andrew V. and Kimberly R. Hall. "Cyberbullying: What School Administrators (and Parents) Can Do." The Clearing House 81 (2007): Beran, Tanya and Qing Li. "Cyber-Harassment: A Study of a New Method for an Old Behavior." Journal of Educational Computing Research 32.3 (2005): Beran, Tanya and Qing Li. "Cyber-Harassment: A Study of a New Method for an Old Behavior." Journal of Educational Computing Research 32.3 (2005): Beran, Tanya and Shannon Stewart. "Teachers' and Students' Reports of Physical and Indirect Bullying." The Alberta Journal of Educational Research 54 (2008): Beran, Tanya and Shannon Stewart. "Teachers' and Students' Reports of Physical and Indirect Bullying." The Alberta Journal of Educational Research 54 (2008):

Chibbaro, Julia S. "School Counselors and the Cyberbully: Interventions and Implications." Professional School Counseling 11 (2007): Chibbaro, Julia S. "School Counselors and the Cyberbully: Interventions and Implications." Professional School Counseling 11 (2007): Cole, Joanna C. M., Dewey G. Cornell, and Peter Sheras. "Identification of School Bullies by Survey Methods." Professional School Counseling 9 (2006): Cole, Joanna C. M., Dewey G. Cornell, and Peter Sheras. "Identification of School Bullies by Survey Methods." Professional School Counseling 9 (2006): Cullerton-Sen, Crystal and Nicki R. Crick. "Understanding the Effects of Physical and Relational Victimization: The Utility of Multiple Perspectives in Predicting Social-Emotional Adjustment." School Psychology Review 34 (2005): Cullerton-Sen, Crystal and Nicki R. Crick. "Understanding the Effects of Physical and Relational Victimization: The Utility of Multiple Perspectives in Predicting Social-Emotional Adjustment." School Psychology Review 34 (2005): "Cyber Bullying: Understanding and Preventing Online Harassment and Bullying." School Libraries in Canada Canadian Association for School Libraries. 10 Oct "Cyber Bullying: Understanding and Preventing Online Harassment and Bullying." School Libraries in Canada Canadian Association for School Libraries. 10 Oct Jacobsen, Kristen E. and Sheri Bauman. "Bullying in Schools: School Counselors' Responses to Three Types of Bullying Incidents." Professional School Counseling 11 (2007): 1-9. Jacobsen, Kristen E. and Sheri Bauman. "Bullying in Schools: School Counselors' Responses to Three Types of Bullying Incidents." Professional School Counseling 11 (2007): 1-9.

Keith, Susan and Michelle E. Martin. "Cyber-Bullying: Creating a Culture of Respect in a Cyber World." Reclaiming Children and Youth: The Journal of Strength-based Interventions 13.4 (2005): Keith, Susan and Michelle E. Martin. "Cyber-Bullying: Creating a Culture of Respect in a Cyber World." Reclaiming Children and Youth: The Journal of Strength-based Interventions 13.4 (2005): Kelsey, Candice M. Generation Myspace: Helping Your Teen Survive Online Adolescence. New York: Marlowe & Company, Kelsey, Candice M. Generation Myspace: Helping Your Teen Survive Online Adolescence. New York: Marlowe & Company, Kowalski, Robin M., Susan P. Limber, and Patricia W. Agatston. Cyber Bullying: Bullying in the Digital Age. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, Kowalski, Robin M., Susan P. Limber, and Patricia W. Agatston. Cyber Bullying: Bullying in the Digital Age. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, McAdams III, Charles R. and Lisa R. Spencer. "How to Help a Bully: Recommendations for Counseling the Proactive Aggressor." Professional School Counseling 11 (2007): McAdams III, Charles R. and Lisa R. Spencer. "How to Help a Bully: Recommendations for Counseling the Proactive Aggressor." Professional School Counseling 11 (2007): "Protecting Children and Teens from Cyber-Harm." Harvard Mental Health Letter 25.1 (2008): 4-5. "Protecting Children and Teens from Cyber-Harm." Harvard Mental Health Letter 25.1 (2008): 4-5.

Shariff, Shaheen. Cyber-Bullying: Issues and Solutions for the School, the Classroom and the Home. New York: Routledge, Shariff, Shaheen. Cyber-Bullying: Issues and Solutions for the School, the Classroom and the Home. New York: Routledge, Stomfay-Stitz, Aline and Edyth Wheeler. "Cyberbullying and Our Middle School Girls." Childhood Education 83 (2007): 308J-K. Stomfay-Stitz, Aline and Edyth Wheeler. "Cyberbullying and Our Middle School Girls." Childhood Education 83 (2007): 308J-K. Strom, Paris S. and Robert D. Strom. "When Teens Turn Cyberbullies." Education Digest 71.4 (2005): Strom, Paris S. and Robert D. Strom. "When Teens Turn Cyberbullies." Education Digest 71.4 (2005): Van Dusen, Allison. "How to Stop Cyber-Bullying." Forbes.com 10 Oct cx_avd_0915health.html Van Dusen, Allison. "How to Stop Cyber-Bullying." Forbes.com 10 Oct cx_avd_0915health.html Whittier, David. "Cyberethics in the Googling Age." Journal of Education (2006): Whittier, David. "Cyberethics in the Googling Age." Journal of Education (2006): 1-65.