 Medical libraries are fundamental and essential to the practice of health care, medical education and research.  A medical library is unique in terms of holdings, budget, services and functions.  Medical librarianship has been very slow to emerge as a distinct branch of the LIS profession. Literature on Pakistan Medical Librarianship not only shows the strength and development of such a distinct profession but also helpful for policy and decision maker.  When Pakistan came into being, there were three medical/dental libraries, namely; › 1. King Edward Medical College Library Lahore, (Estb. 1860) › 2. De’Montmorency College of Dentistry Library, Lahore (Estb. 1904) and › 3. Dow Medical College Library, Karachi (Estb. 1945).  Now there are more than 100 medical colleges / universities in Pakistan with well stocked libraries.  Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center Library Karachi is the premier medical library (Estb. 1958). Its foundation was laid by American Medical Librarian Mrs. Eileem R Cunningham.

 Alan Pritchard coins the term bibliometrics in 1969, previously known as statistical bibliography. It is quantitative research method applied to physically published items related to library and information science (Hertzel, 2003).  Harrod’s Librarians’ Glossary and Reference Book (2005) describes bibliometrics as “application of statistics and mathematics to the study of the use made of books and other media within and between library systems.”

 The aim of this study is to review the literature and apply bibliometrics method on the published/unpublished material of Pakistan Medical Librarianship from 1947 to Aug Researcher prepared first ever index on the literature of Pakistan Medical Librarianship and this paper is based on this index.

The objectives of this study are:  To organize the scattered literature on Pakistan medical librarianship and present its statistical and bibliographical results.  To highlight period wise distribution, author’s contribution, affiliated institute, geographical identity, type of items, journals and area of research interest etc.

 Data on Pakistani medical librarianship was collected from various sources, e.g. Internet, various bibliographies, indexes and the references cited at the end of articles.  Author of this paper utmost tried to cover most of the items on targeted subject, it might be a chance that some items have been missed.  The traditional method of bibliometrics was used for this study, based on quantitative approach and employs essential formula of statistics like percentage and frequency distribution.

 Number of national and international studies have been carried out on bibliometrics.  Four international and nine national studies have been used in literature review.

1.Published Article Article in English Language % Article in Urdu Language03 Book Reviews03 2.ThesesThesis in English Language, including 2 M.Phil thesis % Thesis in Urdu Language06 Thesis in Sindhi Language03 3.Conference Papers Published Conference Papers % Unpublished Conference Papers04 4.Books % 5.Book Chapter % Total109100%

Period Articles Theses Conf papers Books Book Chapter Total Percentage No item of Medical Librarianship in Pakistan traced % % % % % 2010 to Aug M Phil % %

PeriodNationalInternational to Aug

PeriodPU KU Dacca Uni UoSIUBBUAIOUOthers * ** to Aug M.Phil 02 Total

Journal Name Items produced Pakistan Library Bulletin (BLB) Now Pakistan Library and Information Science Journal (PLISJ) 31 Health Libraries Review (HLR) Now Health Information and Libraries Journal (HILJ) 5 Journal of Pakistan Medical Association (JPMA) 4 Pakistan Library Association Journal (PLAJ) 4 Rawal Medical Journal (RMJ) 4 Bulletin of Medical Library Association (BMLA) Now Journal of Medical Library Association (JMLA) 3 Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal (PAFMJ) 3 Pakistan Journal of Library and Information Science (PJLIS) 2 PULSAA News 2 Education and Information 1 Eastern Librarian 1 International Library Review (ILR) 1 Pakistan Journal of Medical Research (PJMR) 1 Pakistan Library Review (PLR) 1 63

Male Authors % Female Authors % Not Known44.59% Total Authors87100% Authorship Pattern Single Author % 2 Authors % 3 Authors % More than three10.91% %

AreaQty Karachi34 Lahore18 Rawalpindi (6), Islamabad (6)12 Jamshoro5 Bahawalpur3 Peshawar2 Quetta2 Bengal (East Pakistan)2 Faisalabad1 Foreign Author’s Geographical Association Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)4 UK2 USA2 France1 Canada1

S.NoAuthorAssociationNo of Articles 1 Midrar-UllahPhD Scholar University of the Punjab and Librarian Army Medical College (NUST) Rawalpindi 14 2Azra QureshiAga Khan University Karachi08 3Shakil Ahmed KhalilKing Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, KSA 06 4Moinuddin KhanAga Khan University Karachi05 5Zakiuddin AhmedJinnah Postgraduate Medical Institute04 6Sain Muhammad MalikKhyber Medical College Peshawar04 7Haq, IkramulArmed Forces Post Graduate Medical Institute Rawalpindi 04 8Syed Ahmed NaqviZiauddin Medical University Karachi03 9Syed Attaullah ShahAga Khan University Karachi03 10Idress Farooq Butt (Medical Doctor) Army Medical College03 12Naeem A. Jafarey (Editor)Doctor & Editor and Medical Journalist03 13Shoukat Sultana ImamJinnah Postgraduate Medical Institute Karachi03 14Muhammad Khurshid AlamAga Khan University Karachi03

1Information Communication Technologies18 2Medical Librarianship, Medical Library Services13 3Case Study12 4Survey10 5Competencies – Medical Librarians5 6Medical Education5 7Resource Sharing5 8Citation Analysis4 9User’s Satisfaction4 10Bibliography & Union Catalogue3 11Information Needs, Information Seeking Behaviour3 12Medical Information, Medical Information Retrieval3 13Medical Library Standards3 14Human Resources2 15Information Resources2 16Accuracy of References1 17Acquisition1 18Bibliometrics Study1 19Collection Development1 20Biography – Eileen R Cunningham1 21Library Legislation1 22Management of Electronic Resources1

 We can increase the growth of research productivity by conducting continuing professional development session especially in research methodology.  Legislation for National Library of Medicine, resource-sharing and better service structure can also motivate the young professional to carry out research.  Strong and active medical library association is necessary to develop research culture by organizing conferences and workshops.

Bibliometrics analysis of related literature shows that Information Communication Technologies is getting top priority in writing because of changing scenario of librarianship. It is evident that our library community is fully aware of rapidly increasing, dynamic and complex situation of medical sciences and ready to face the challenges. The literature of medical sciences is elevating, however, more efforts are required to produce quality research of international standard.