Introduction to ANIMAL SCIENCE Objectives: List 5 functions of domestic animals; Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals; Define appropriate terminology related to animals; and Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. List major types & uses of each species of livestock List & describe benefits of animal agriculture Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture

Why do we CHOOSE to have animals? A. List 4 functions of domestic animals Why do we CHOOSE to have animals?

Functions of domestic animals: 1-Food A. List 4 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals: 1-Food Meat Eggs Milk Honey

Functions of domestic animals: 2- Clothing A. List 4 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals: 2- Clothing Wool Leather Hair/Fur Feathers

Functions of domestic animals: 3-Power A. List 4 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals: 3-Power Horses, Mules, Donkeys, Burros Llamas, Alpacas Oxen, Water buffalo, reindeer, yak, camels

Functions of domestic animals: 4- Recreation & Companionship A. List 4 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals: 4- Recreation & Companionship Pleasure Horses Purebred Herds and Flocks Livestock Exhibitions, Shows, Rodeos Horse Racing

Functions of domestic animals: 5- Service A. List 4 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals: 5- Service Guide dogs for blind Police Dogs Rescue Dogs Therapy animals

B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Terms: Wild Animal Not GENETICALLY altered by artificial selection for use by humans. Genetically & Behaviorally Wild

B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Terms: Domestic Animal an animal that has been genetically altered from the original wild species for use by humans through ARTIFICIAL SELECTION Genetically Domestic Behaviorally= domestic

B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Terms: Tame Wild Animal a wild animal that, through intervention of man, has adapted BEHAVIORALLY so as to be useful to humans. Genetically=Wild Behaviorally=Domestic

B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Terms: Feral Animal a DOMESTIC animal that lives in the WILD with no human assistance Genetically=Domestic Behaviorally= Wild

Requirements for animals to be “domesticated” B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Requirements for animals to be “domesticated” 1. The animal is VALUED and has PURPOSE 2. The animal’s BREEDING is subject to human control. 3. The animal’s SURVIVAL depends upon humans. 4. The animal’s BEHAVIOR (psychology) is changed in domestication. 5. STRUCTURAL characteristics have appeared which occur rarely if at all in the wild.

Domestication Assignment B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Domestication Assignment In groups, research the domestication of the animal assigned. Prepare a 2-3 minute explanation for the class on your assigned species. Answer the following questions: When & where was the animal domesticated? What animals were used for the creation of the domestic species? Who brought the first animals to America? When? What is their original purpose? Describe the current industry of the species. (breeds, types, etc) Cattle Swine Sheep Goats Horses Poultry Dogs Cats Rabbits Llama?

European Cattle *Genus/Species: Bos Taurus *Baby: Calf C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. European Cattle *Genus/Species: Bos Taurus *Baby: Calf *Young Male: Bullock *Young Female: Heifer (until 1st calf is born) *Castrated Male: Steer *Mature Male: Bull *Mature Female: Cow *Group: Herd

Indian Cattle *Genus/Species: Bos Indicus *Baby: Calf C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Indian Cattle *Genus/Species: Bos Indicus *Baby: Calf *Young Male: Bullock *Young Female: Heifer (until 1st calf is born) *Castrated Male: Steer *Mature Male: Bull *Mature Female: Cow *Group: Herd

Sheep *Genus/Species: Ovis aries *Baby: Lamb *Young Male: Ram Lamb C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Sheep *Genus/Species: Ovis aries *Baby: Lamb *Young Male: Ram Lamb *Young Female: Ewe Lamb *Castrated Male: Wether *Mature Male: Ram *Mature Female: Ewe *Group: Flock

Pigs *Genus/Species: Sus scrofa domestica *Baby: Piglet C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Pigs *Genus/Species: Sus scrofa domestica *Baby: Piglet *Young Male: Shoat *Young Female: Gilt (until 1st litter) *Castrated Male: Barrow *Mature Male: Boar *Mature Female: Sow *Group: Herd, Drove, Mob Or “Sounder of hogs”

Goats *Genus/Species: Capra hircus *Baby: Kid *Young Male: Ram Kid C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Goats *Genus/Species: Capra hircus *Baby: Kid *Young Male: Ram Kid *Young Female: Doe Kid *Castrated Male: Wether *Mature Male: Billy *Mature Female: Doe *Group: herd or tribe

Horses *Genus/Species: Equus caballus *Baby: Foal *Young Male: Colt C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Horses *Genus/Species: Equus caballus *Baby: Foal *Young Male: Colt *Young Female: Filly *Castrated Male: Gelding *Mature Male: Stallion *Mature Female: Mare *Group: Herd

Poultry *Genus/Species: Gallus domesticus *Baby: Chick C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Poultry *Genus/Species: Gallus domesticus *Baby: Chick *Young Male: Cockerel *Young Female: Pullet *Castrated Male: Capon *Mature Male: Rooster *Mature Female: Hen *Group: Chickens: Brood, Flock, Peep Turkeys: Rafter, Gobble, Gang Geese: Gaggle (if they are in flight=Skein)

Rabbits *Genus/Species: Oryctolagus cuniculus *Baby: Bunny C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Rabbits *Genus/Species: Oryctolagus cuniculus *Baby: Bunny *Young Male: *Young Female: *Mature Male: Buck *Mature Female: Doe *Group: Colony, Nest, Herd

Dog *Genus/Species: canis familiaris *Baby: Puppy *Young Male: C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Dog *Genus/Species: canis familiaris *Baby: Puppy *Young Male: *Young Female: *Mature Male: Stud *Mature Female: Dam or Bitch *Group: Pack

Cat *Genus/Species: felis catus *Baby: Kitten *Young Male: C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Cat *Genus/Species: felis catus *Baby: Kitten *Young Male: *Young Female: *Mature Male: Tom *Mature Female: Queen *Group: Clowder or Clutter Video Clip

D. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. a group of closely related animals that can INTERBREED and produce FERTILE offspring Example

D. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. animals of common ORIGIN with characteristics that distinguish them from other groups within the same SPECIES Example

D. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. animals of the same SPECIES that are grouped together based on the PRODUCTS they produce Example

E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Types of Livestock Each species of livestock has specific breeds that perform best for each purpose: Meat Type: Produce meat efficiently Dairy Type: Produce milk efficiently Dual Purpose: Produce meat & milk efficiently Ornamental: Don’t produce milk or meat efficiently, chosen for beauty Performance: Chosen for performance traits

Cattle Beef Type Dairy Type Dual Purpose E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Cattle Beef Type Dairy Type Dual Purpose

Sheep Wool type Meat or Mutton type Dual Fine Medium Long Colored E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Sheep Wool type Fine Medium Long Colored Meat or Mutton type Dual

E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Pigs Meat Type

Goats Meat Type Dairy Type E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Goats Meat Type Dairy Type

Horses Performance Type Draft Type Racing Ranch Work/Stock Horse E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Horses Performance Type Draft Type Racing Ranch Work/Stock Horse

Poultry Eggs (Layers) Meat (Broilers) Ornamental E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Poultry Eggs (Layers) Meat (Broilers) Ornamental

What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? F. List & describe benefits of animal agriculture What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? Animals convert feed that humans CAN’T eat to food humans CAN eat (poor hay, corn stalks, straw, etc.) Helps maintain fertility of the land

What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? F. List & describe benefits of animal agriculture What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? Personal satisfaction of working with domesticated animals May more fully utilize capital, machinery and wasteland (range).

What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? F. List & describe benefits of animal agriculture What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? Animal proteins are superior to vegetable proteins for humans Animal proteins have improved amino acid balance over vegetable protein Milk -- approximately 90% of milk for human consumption in the world comes from cattle Over 85% of the world population desires food of animal origin

Top States in Beef Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Beef Production 1. Texas 2. Kansas 3. Nebraska 4. Oklahoma 5. California Utah’s Rank 28th

Top States in Dairy Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Dairy Production 1. California 2. Wisconsin 3. New York 4. Pennsylvania 5. Michigan Utah’s Rank 25th

Top States in Sheep Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Sheep Production 1. Texas 2. California 3. Wyoming 4. Colorado 5. South Dakota Utah’s Rank 7th

Top States in Goat Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Goat Production 1. Texas 2. New Mexico 3. Arizona 4. Oklahoma 5. California Utah’s Rank ?

Top States in Swine Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Swine Production 1. Iowa 2. North Carolina 3. Michigan 4. Illinois 5. Indiana Utah’s Rank 20th

Top States in Layers Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Layers Production 1. California 2. Ohio 3. Indiana 4. Pennsylvania 5. Iowa Utah’s Rank 33rd

Top States in Broiler Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Broiler Production 1. Arkansas 2. Georgia 3. Alabama 4. North Carolina 5. Mississippi

Top States in Turkey Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Turkey Production 1. North Carolina 2. Minnesota 3. Arkansas 4. Missouri 5. California Utah’s Rank 14th

Number of Farms and Ranches G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Number of Farms and Ranches 1. Texas 2. Missouri 3. Iowa 4. Kentucky 5. Minnesota Utah’s Rank 36th

Land in Farms and Ranches G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Land in Farms and Ranches 1. Texas 2. Montana 3. Kansas 4. Nebraska 5. New Mexico Utah’s Rank 28th

Utah’s Rank in Other Areas G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Utah’s Rank in Other Areas Mink Production 2nd Trout Production 6th Honey Production 24th

Bell Quiz List 2 out of 5 qualifications to consider an animal “domestic” Name 5 reasons why we have domestic animals. What is the genus and species name for a pig? What is the definition of a breed? What is the definition of a species?

Bell Quiz List 2 benefits of animal agriculture vs plant based agriculture. What state ranks top in production of Dairy Beef Sheep 3. Know ALL terminology for animals (babies, males, females, genus/species, etc) 4. Compare the terms: breed, species, and type