Acidic and Basic Solutions CHAPTER 8, SECTION 3

When dissolved in water, these substances RELEASE hydrogen ions (H + ) which bond with the water (H 2 O) to produce hydronium ions (H 3 O - ) ACID

When dissolved in water, these substances ACCEPT hydrogen ions (H + ) from water which produces hydroxide ions (OH - ) BASE

PROPERTYACIDBASE TasteSourBitter Conducts electricityYes (but not as well as acids) CorrosiveYes Reactivity with metals StrongWeaker TouchNot SlipperySlippery ACID/BASE Comparision

Measure of how acidic or basic a solution is, ranging in a scale from 0 to 14; also refers to the ‘potential of Hydrogen’ pH

A pH of is considered… ACIDIC (pH of 0 is strongest)

A pH of is considered… BASIC (pH of 14 is strongest)

A pH of 7 is considered… NEUTRAL

a)pH = 2.3 b)pH = 6.5 c)pH = 8.5 d)pH = 11.7 e)pH = 13.4 f)pH = 4.1 LEARNING CHECK #1: Acid or Base? Classify the following pH values:

a)pH = 2.3 b)pH = 6.5 c)pH = 8.5 d)pH = 11.7 e)pH = 13.4 f)pH = 4.1 a)Acid b)Acid c)Base d)Base e)Base f)Acid LEARNING CHECK #1: Acid or Base? Classify the following pH values:

a)pH 2 or pH 3 b)pH 5 or pH 2 c)pH 3 or pH 1 d)pH 6 or pH 4 e)pH 1 or pH 6 LEARNING CHECK #2: Acid Strength Copy and then circle the stronger ACID in each pair of pH values

a)pH 2 or pH 3 b)pH 5 or pH 2 c)pH 3 or pH 1 d)pH 6 or pH 4 e)pH 1 or pH 6 LEARNING CHECK #2: Acid Strength Copy and then circle the stronger acid in each pair of pH values

LEARNING CHECK #3: Base Strength Copy and then circle the stronger BASE in each pair of pH values a)pH 8 or pH 9 b)pH 10 or pH 14 c)pH 13 or pH 11 d)pH 12 or pH 9 e)pH 8 or pH 14

a)pH 8 or pH 9 b)pH 10 or pH 14 c)pH 13 or pH 11 d)pH 12 or pH 9 e)pH 8 or pH 14 LEARNING CHECK #3: Base Strength Copy and then circle the stronger BASE in each pair of pH values

LEARNING CHECK #4: Acid or Base? Classify the following as either an ACID or a BASE a)Soap b)Vinegar c)Baking Soda d)Lemon Juice e)Soda f)Antacids

LEARNING CHECK #4: Acid or Base? Classify the following as either an ACID or a BASE a)Soap b)Vinegar c)Baking Soda d)Lemon Juice e)Soda f)Antacids a)Base b)Acid c)Base d)Acid e)Acid f)Base

Compound that changes color at different pH values when it reacts with acidic or basic solutions INDICATOR

Interaction that occurs between acids and bases in which the properties of each are canceled out by the other NEUTRALIZATION

H3O-H3O- * Produced when acids release/give up H+ ions to water Acid + H 2 O → Acid + H 3 O - HYDRONIUM ION

OH - * Produced when bases accept/gain H+ ions from water Base + H 2 O → Base + OH - HYDROXIDE ION

LEARNING CHECK #5: Acid or Base? Classify the following as relating to an ACID or a BASE a)Gives up H+ ions to water b)Gains H+ ions from water c)Produces H 3 O - ions d)Produces OH - ions e)Produces hydroxide ions f)Produced hydronium ions

LEARNING CHECK #5: Acid or Base? Classify the following as relating to an ACID or a BASE a)Gives up H+ ions to water b)Gains H+ ions from water c)Produces H 3 O - ions d)Produces OH - ions e)Produces hydroxide ions f)Produced hydronium ions a)Acid b)Base c)Acid d)Base e)Base f)Acid