HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

What is Human Geography? = + People + to write about the physical structure of Earth’s surface and human activities upon it =human geography

Human Geography is the study of where humans — their activities and institutions such as ethnic groups, cities, and industries — are located and why they are there. Human Geography also examines interactions of humans with their environments and draws on basic elements of physical geography.

Why? Why There? Israeli Palestinian conflict genocide BP Gulf Oil Spill Bubonic Plague World Cup HIV/AIDS Worldwide

Pedagogy How to teach APHG? ethnocentrism tolerance Future Leaders Globalization

Goals: On completion of the course, the student should be able to:

Use and think about maps & spatial data Understand and interpret the implications of associations among phenomena in places Recognize and interpret at different scales the relationships among patterns and processes Define regions and evaluate the regionalization process Characterize and analyze changing interconnections among places

Content Areas of Study: Geography: Its Nature and Perspectives Population Cultural Patterns & Processes Political Organization of Space Agricultural & Rural Land Use Industrialization & Economic Development Cities & Urban Land Use

1. Geography – 5%-10% Robinson Projection Field of inquiry Maps and geographers Geographic concepts: Location, Space, Place, Scale, Pattern, Regionalization, & globalization Skills - How to use, interpret, recognize, and/or define: maps/spatial data phenomena in places Relationships at different scales of patterns & processes Regions & regionalization process New technologies GIS, GPS Sources of Geographical ideas Census data

2.Population % Demographic Transitional Model Geographical analysis Consequences of density, distribution, and scale Patterns of composition: age, sex, race, & ethnicity Natural hazards: past, present & future Growth & decline over time/space Trends – historical & future projections Theories & Models Patterns of fertility, mortality, & health Regional variations of demographic transitions Effects of population policies Population Movement Push/Pull factors Voluntary involuntary migration various scales Migration selectivity Short-term, local movements, pace

3.Cultural Patterns & Processes 13-17% Concepts of Culture Traits, Diffusion, Acculturation, Cultural regions Cultural Differences Language, Religion, Ethnicity, Gender, Popular & Folk Culture Environmental impact of cultural attitudes & practices Cultural landscapes & identity Values & preferences Symbolic landscapes & sense of place

4. Political Organization of Space 13-17% Territorial dimensions of politics Territoriality concept Boundaries Nature & meaning Influences on identity, interaction, & exchange Evolution of contemporary political patterns Nation-state concept Colonialism & imperialism Federal & unitary states Challenges to inherited political—territorial arrangements Changing nature of sovereignty Fragmentation, unification, alliance Spatial relationships between political patterns & patterns of ethnicity, economy, & environment Electoral geography, including gerrymandering

5. Agriculture & Rural Land Use – 13-17% Development & Diffusion Neolithic Ag Revolution Second Ag Revolution Major Ag production regions Ag systems – bioclimatic zones Variations within zones & effects of markets Linkage & flows among regions of food production & consumption Rural land use & settlement patterns Models – Von Thunen Settlement patterns & major ag types Modern Commercial Ag 3 rd Ag Revolution Green Revolution Biotechnology Spatial Organization & diffusion of industrial ag Future food supply & environmental impact

6. Industrialization & Economic Development – 13-17% Key concepts Growth & Diffusion of industrialization Changing roles of energy & technology Industrial Revolution Evolution of economic cores and peripheries Geographic critiques of models of economic localization, (i.e., land rent, comparative costs of transportation), industrial location, economic Development, & world systems (i.e., Wallerstein…) Contemporary patterns & impacts of industrialization & development Spatial organization of the world economy Variations in levels of development Deindustrialization & economic development Pollution, health, & quality of life Industrialization, environmental change, and sustainability Local development initiatives: government policies

7. Cities & Urban Land Use Definitions of Urbanism Origins & evolution of cities Historical patterns of urbanization Rural-urban migration & urban growth Global cities & megacities Models of urban systems Functional character of contemporary cities Changing employment mix Changing demographic & social structures Built environment & social space Comparative models of internal city structure Transportation & infrastructure Political organization of urban areas Urban planning & design Patterns of race, ethnicity, gender, & class Uneven development, ghettoization, and gentrification Impacts of suburbanization & edge cities

Human Geography in Action Unit of StudyField Trip LocationOverview GeographyCampus Walk Create Map Cultural Patterns & Processes Visit Houses of Worship: Islam (Sunni & Sh’a), Judaism, Buddhism, other religions On a map identify ethnicity & race conflicts worldwide and examine origins of conflicts Political Organization of Space State Board of Elections or General Assembly Population, apportionment and drawing district lines (judgeships, congressional districts) Agriculture & Rural Land Use Local working farm, biotechnology firm or university depart., food processing plant Collect data and predict future ag production & rural land use; critique models Industrialization & Economic Development Chamber of Commerce or local manufacturing plant Examine the changing geography of jobs; critique models Cities & Urban Land UseCity Planning/Zoning Department Exam past, present planning for population city’s vision for land use; making projections using all models; integrate terms (i.e., gentrification and gehttoization, blockbusting, redlining…)

Debriefing: Field Trip Examine data Complete assignment Presentations Discussions Evaluation Field Work

Getting Started AP Coordinator One or Two Semesters Parents Resources & Support Permission AP Night/Nature of Course lists Summer Assignment Collaboration Choosing textbooks Professional Development/Training AP Exam Colleges & Universities-Credits & Acceptance Format Preparation Professional Organizations & Identify resources AP Central Syllabus AP Designation listserve

Resources TypeAddressOverview Datawww.cia.gov/library/publications/theworld-factbook/geos/gz.html CIA. The World Factbook Countries A-Zwww.atlaspedia.com/online/country_index.htm Map siteshttp://showmappingworlds.com/ Videos – all unitshttp:// of Place Census Bureauhttp://factfinder.census.gov/home/saff/main.html?_lang=en Population data AP Centralapcentral.collegeboard.com apcentral.collegeboard.com/humangeo Course description, teaching tips, sample syllabi, lesson plans, articles, teacher resources, discussion groups, newsletter, information on exam, sample free- response and scoring guides Reading AssignmentsThe World is Flat, Thomas Friedman Guns, Germs, & Steele, by Jared Diamond (video) Global Connectionswww.pbs.org/wghb/globalconnections TextbooksKuby, Rubenstein, Knox/Marston, DeBlij, etc. Multilingual Newspaper Translator Teacher GuidesNational Council for Geographic Education. The Journal of Geography 99, no 2/3 (May-August 2000). Provides broad view of the different units of study in APHG

References de Blij, H.J., and Alexander B. Murphy. Human Geography: Culture, Society, and Space. 7 th ed. New York: John Wiley, Knox, Paul L., and Sallie A. Marston. Places and Regions in Global Context: Human Geography. 3 rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: W.H. Freeman, Kuby, Michael, John Harner, and Patricia Gober. Human Geography in Action.3 rd ed. New York: John Wiley, National Council for Geographic Education. The Journal of Geography 99, no. 2/3 (May- August 2000). The Power of Place: Geography for the 21 st Century series. N.p.: Annenberg/CPB, Video. Rubenstein, James M. The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography. 7 th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall,