Unit 1 Contextual Studies BTEC Mock Exam 2010 / 2011 Instructions Activity 1 – 2 hours -Each slide of the PowerPoint has a different task / question. -You should use your research to answer these questions in as much detail as possible. - Write in your own words and in full sentences. -Present your research in an attractive way. -Ensure each task is numbered Plagiarism (copying / copy and pasting is extremely prohibited. Anyone who is found to directly copy and paste will have their work disallowed.) This exam is to be completed in silence. You may speak to your teacher, please raise your hand if you need assistance

1. Create a time line that documents the most important lighting developments. Unit 1 Contextual Studies 1780 Oil lamps 1800 Gas lamps Platinum flament 1820 Vacuum tube lamp 1840 Arc lamp 1855 Bamboo filament Long lasting filament 1892 Gas discharge lamp 1900 Mercury-vapour lamp 1910 Tungsten filament 1926 Fluorescent lamp 1960 Light-emitting diode Magnetic induction lamp Fluorescent lamp

2. Explain key lighting developments / inventions. Oil lamps are man made objects which were the first lamps ever made. Oil maps were used many years ago and are still being used from this day onwards. In 1867 florescent lamps were made it is a gas discharge lamp that uses electricity that produce short wave ultraviolet light A fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more better than a normal lamp. The large florescent lamps are mainly used to buildings and big environments and are still used today in homes to save energy. The incandescent light bulb makes light by heating a metal filament wire to a high temperature until it glows. The hot filament is protected from air by a glass bulb that is filled with inert gas or evacuated. The light bulb is supplied with electrical current by feed-through terminals or wires embedded in the glass. Most lamps are used in a socket.

Unit 1 Contextual Studies 3. P - Who invented neon light? 4. P - How are neon lights made? by a French chemist Georges Claude invented neon lights and he first invented them in 1910 Neon lights are made usually made my hand as the glass is very fragile to work with, the signs are made with thin glass tubes that are bent into any shape that you like. From what I have researched neon lights are mainly used as letters. Before bending them they have to make sure there is no dust or anything dirt inside the tube and must be cleaned out. After they would spray a liquid called phosphor inside the tubes and then would be drained out and left to dry on a rack or in an oven. The bending process would start by using heating up the tube. Different type of heat will be used to what kind of bending shape you need. If you want larger curves they would use a gas burner, but if you wanted to create smaller tighter bends they would use a hand torch to create that effect. The last process is, the glass is then filled with neon through the open end, and then it would be sealed off. Another current is sent through the sign which will bring the gas up to its full potential. After that the sign would be finished and ready to use.

Unit 1 Contextual Studies 5. P/M - How and why does your artist / light designer use neon lights? Tracey Emin I Dream of Sleep, 2002 Tracey Emin is an English artist, born in Croydon in I think the reason Tracey Emin has used neon lights in her artwork because it is unique to a lot of other artists work. The properties of the neon lights suits her kind of style of art work. I've researched into Tracey Emin and found out a lot of information and she its known to take a good interest in her handwriting so maybe that could be the reason as to why most of her art work is her using neon lights bent into her own handwriting by her doing this it is making her art look imaginative and neon lights is a good way of art to present her art. Another reason why she may of used neon in her art work is that likes expressing her feelings through quotations and the way to make that look different and interesting is using neon lights in the shape of her own hand writing. My opinion on Tracey Emins work is that it is very imaginative and different to any other artists and I think she has great artwork using neon lights. It expresses her lovely handwriting within praises she makes up, she uses a different range of colours which is good and also brings out different effect.

Unit 1 Contextual Studies 6. P / M Give examples of where neon lighting is used in public places. 7. M / D How has neon light revolutionised the way public signs have been designed? Neon lights have revolutionised the way public designs have been designed by allowing businesses to produce bold eye catching lights, whereas in the olden times they would be very dull with no excitement of colour, So lights have changed dramatically. Neon lights would be used as signs, flashing lights, bright building paint colors, banners, and window display. They would be used in public places were they would want to attract people and draw them into that certain place such as down a high way or mainly at night time. For example a night club. These types of lights are great for automobile wash neon lighting, bar neon lights, stage lights, casino neon lights, restaurants and pubs.

Unit 1 Contextual Studies 8. M / D - What impact has LED lighting had on product design? (e.g.. Bicycle lights) Include examples. LED has longer lifetime compared to any other light source. LED will last up to 50,000 hours therefore you will not need to replace them often. For example little children's shoes which light up. LED lights are also very durable to any other lights, they are strong and don’t get damaged And cannot be affected my shaking and vibrating. LED produces less heat than the conventional lights. From the information I found on the internet LED is operating at less than 60°C.which also means more safety as you cannot burn yourself. LED produces No UV, this makes it perfect for paintings and artifacts. FOR EXAMPLE- bicycle lights. Reasons why people are using bikes LED lights is that they are now more economical and lighter and easier to carry. Another benefit to using LED lights on your bike is for strobing purposes. The light can be like a spot light to help you find your way in the dark and also for people who are in their cars and driving, they need to be able to see bike riders.