104 COMMUNICATIONS/COMMUNICATIONS SECURITY MATERIAL SYSTEM FUNDAMENTALS

Communications Fundamentals References: [a] NAVEDTRA 14234, Seabee Combat Handbook Vol.1 [b] TM , SINGARS Ground Combat Net Radio [c] Construction Battle Skills Guide, P1160, Book 1, All Hands [d] Motorola 68P81044C05-A, XTS 5000 Operator’s Guide

Communications Fundamentals [ e] NAVEDTRA 14235, Seabee Combat Handbook, Vol. 2 [f] Harris Guide (Rev. A), AN/PRC-150(V)(C), Man pack Radio (Operator’s Manual) [g] TM , Switchboard, Telephone, SB-3614A(V)/TT Operator’s Manual [h] TM , Telephone Set, T838/PT Operator’s and Organizational Maintenance Manual

Communications Fundamentals [i] COMFIRSTNCDINST Communications Information Systems Policy and Procedures [j] Harris Guide (Rev. J), AN/PRC-117(V)(C), Man Pack Radio (Operator’s Manual) [k] ref MCWD Communications and Information Systems

Overview General Characteristics, operator maintenance and antenna systems for the following radios –AN/PRC 119 –AN/PRC 104 –AN/VRC-90

Overview –AN/GRA-39 –AN/VRC-92A –VHF Handheld SABER 1 fascinator –VHF Base Station MODP1755

Overview –SB-22 –TA-312 –TA-1 –AN/PSN-11

Overview Communications Security Material System Equipment Tactical employment of communications equipment Loading Fills into the AN/PRC-119

Communications Fundamentals PQS Question Explain the frequency spectrum, configurations, operator maintenance, and antenna systems/ranges for the following: a.AN/PRC-119 e. VHF handheld b.AN/PRC-150 SABER 1 fascinator c.AN/PRC-117 f. XTS-5000 portable d. AN/VRC-90A radio

Radio Operator Maintenance Antennas –Make sure antennas are clean –Check antenna elements for damage –Make sure the (ground strap) is securely installed to the vehicle and antenna base.

Radio Operator Maintenance Cables and cable connectors –Check cables for cuts, cracks, and breaks –Make sure cable connectors are secure –Make sure cable connectors are securely attached to cables

Radio Operator Maintenance Controls and switches –Make sure each control moves smoothly while you operate your radio –Make sure all knobs are secure on their shafts –If a switch has detents, make sure each position has a solid feel to it.

Radio Operator Maintenance Mounting and assembly hardware –Check for loose nuts, bolts, and screws –Check for corrosion, rust, and deterioration of all metal parts. Cleaning: Keep radio as clean as possible

Radio Operator Maintenance Preparation for Movement Manpack Radio: If you won’t be using your radio, remove and stow the antenna and handset. Vehicular Radio. Make sure the antenna is properly tied down for movement.

AN/PRC 119A

AN/PRC 119A General Characteristics VHF SINCGARS Radio 30 to MHz freq channels/freq.'s Sends and receives secure voice and digital data

AN/PRC 119A General Characteristics 6 Comsec channels/ 6 Frequency hopping channels 8 Single Channels (SC) for plain text Transmits 200 meters to 10 Kilometers or more Batteries last 4 (BB690) to 30 (BA5590) hrs depending on type & use

AN/PRC 119A Antenna Systems Antenna Systems –3ft Tape- up to 5 miles –10ft whip- up to 10 miles –OE-254- up to 36 miles

AN/PRC-150

AN/PRC-117

AN/VRC 90A

Antenna Systems –10ft- as 3900 –OE-254

AN/VRC - 92A

AN/VRC 92A General Characteristics Base Station Two RT/1523 radios 50 watt output Two power amps

AN/VRC 92A General Characteristics Longer VHF ranges of 10 km to 40km Requires power supply for stationary operations Capable of retrans use Antenna Systems OE-254

VHF Handheld SABER Handheld Radio

VHF Handheld SABER General Characteristics Handheld secure radio VHF radio with watts Need radio interface box to fill VHF to 174 MHz Range - 1 to 3 miles

VHF Handheld SABER Operator Maintenance Clean and corrosion free Ensure all knobs and switches function correctly Check antenna for cracks and splits Ensure battery charger contacts are not broken

VHF Base Station MODP 1755 General Characteristics Base Station –increases range, – requires Saber – with battery Antenna Systems –5ft whip with – magnate bottom

XTS 5000 Portable Radio

Communications Fundamentals PQS Question Discuss the general characteristics, operator maintenance and employment of the following: a.SB-3614A b.TA-312/PT c.TA-838/PT d.AN/GRA-39 e.TA1 f.SB22

TA-1

TA-1 General Characteristics Hand held Comm device Uses WD-1 wire Talks 4-7 miles Squeeze signal generator Press to talk button Light weight and easy to store Normally configured in gun loop

TA-1 Operator Maintenance –Remove dirt and moisture from housing, handset, cord, or connector. Inspect painted surfaces for bare spots, rust or corrosion. Inspect surfaces for cuts or cracks. –Inspect handset cord for breaks, cuts or deterioration. Inspect for inoperative binding posts, broken connector, or hand set connection.

TA-312

TA-312 General Characteristics 2 wire tactical phone Talks up to 14 miles wet, up to 22 miles dry Operates on 2 “D” cells Press to talk handset Hand crank to call distant stations Talk 4 miles in ear piece with dead batteries

TA-838/PT

EQUIPMENT DATA: TRANSMISSION FREQUENCY RANGE: l 300 to 3,500 Hz. DISTANCE RANGES WITH DC SUPERVISION: l The telephone set is located less than 4 miles from the switchboard. DISTANCE RANGES WITH AC SUPERVISION: The telephone set can be located more than 4 miles from the switchboard

TA-838/PT

AN/GRA-39 LocalRemote

AN/GRA-39 Provides capability to remote operator up to 2 miles from the radio set (antenna farm) Power source- 12 d-cell batteries. Remote unit (locate in COC/CP) Local unit (locate in ant farm)

SB-3614A

SB-3614A is a tactical, ruggedized, 30 terminal automatic switchboard. It provides rapid cordless service to various interfaces. The basic switchboard may be operated as a 30- terminal single switchboard or may be connected with additional switchboards to form a 60 or 90 line system.

SB-3614A The switchboard operator can monitor, answer, initiate, extend, preempt, and release calls using the four-by-four key sender and other functional pushbuttons. Any connection can be broken down manually, through operator intervention and action, or automatically, through a subscriber going to an on-hook condition. Up to 18 terminals may be connected as either 4-wire DTMF signaling trunks, or DC closure dial pulse or DTMF trunks, E&M dial pulse or DTMF lines or trunks.

SB-22

SB-22 General Characteristics 12 line switchboard Operator uses headset Hand ringing generator Can interconnect calls 29 line packs when stacked (2) Uses 4 “D” cell batteries when used with operator pack Audio/visual call indicator

SB-22 General Characteristics Consist of four basic parts. –The Operators Pack –The Line and Trunk Pack –The Accessory Kits –The Handset-Headset

Communications Fundamentals PQS Question Discuss the general use of the Tactical Data Network (TDN)

Tactical Data Network The TDN system consists of a network of gateways and servers interconnected with one another and their subscribers via a combination of common user, long-haul transmission systems, along with local area networks (LANs) and switched telephone systems.

Tactical Data Network TDN provides its subscribers with basic data transfer and switching services; access to strategic, supporting establishment, joint, and other-service component tactical data networks; network management capabilities; and, value-added services, such as message handling, directory services, file sharing, and terminal emulation support. It will provide Internet Protocol connectivity for tactical data systems and the DMS.

Tactical Data Network

Communications Fundamentals PQS Question Discuss the tactical employment and purpose of NMCB communication systems

Communications System The primary purpose of communications is to facilitate command and control. In this role, communications is the instrument by which a commander makes his will known and provides the “voice of command.” A secondary purpose of communications is to facilitate the transfer of information between individual elements in order to coordinate their actions to accomplish assigned missions.

Communications Fundamentals PQS Question Discuss the procedure for Loading COMSEC Material into the following: –RT-1523E –RT-1694 –RT-1796

RT Prep settings from MENU

Loading Single Channel Frequencies

LOAD COMSEC/FH DATA/SYNC TIME INTO RT USING ICOM FILL

Global Positioning System General Characteristics PLGR - “Plugger” GPS Receives encrypted code Anti-jam capability

AN/CYZ-10

Encryption equipment Stores over 1000 crypto fills Loaded from EKMS or KOI - 18/KYK-13/KYK-15 or another CYZ-10 Loads the Frequency Hopping Program

KOI-18

Tape Reader Fill Device Connects to common fill device Fills auxiliary devices and gear Pull segment through in/out slot Translates tape to data Uses one BA /U battery

Communications Fundamentals PQS Question State the use of the following Communications Security Material System (CMS) Equipment –KY 99A MINTERN –KL 43 –AN/CYZ-10 –KOI-18 –KYK-13

Communications Fundamentals Reference: TM , SINGARS Ground Combat Net Radio, ICOM, TM &P, Technical Manual KYK-13, KOI-18, KYX-15 TM-10247A-13, Limited Maintenance Manual TSEC K99A KL-43 (Series), Operational Manual

KY 99A MINTERN

Voice/data encryption Tactical terminal Primarily for AN/PRC 104 HF Requires one BA-5590 lithium or BB-690 rechargeable battery

KL 43

Encrypted keyboard Sends/receives secure data Has two message buffers Holds up to 16 crypto fills

KL 43 Used to authenticate, capable of printing messages 4 “AA” batteries last 6 to 24 hours, low battery audio & visual alarm indicates 4 minutes left

KYK-13

Installing CMS KYK-13 Common Fill Device (CFD) Electronic transfer/fill device Holds up to six Crypto segments Loads auxiliary COMSEC gear

KYK-13 Common Fill Device (CFD) Electronic transfer/fill device Holds up to six Crypto segments Loads auxiliary COMSEC gear Red light indicates fill status Uses one BA /U battery Z all position and Initiate button clears all fill

Communications Fundamentals PQS Question Discuss the following communication and information systems planning factors a. Mission b. Available resources c. Environmental

Communications Planning Communications control begins with planning for an operation/exercise and continues throughout the deployment, installation, maintenance, and redeployment phases.

Planning Phase The Planning phase consists of both operational and technical planning. It culminates in the issue of a command element OPORD and a supporting communications unit OPORD. This phase is characterized by extensive coordination meetings between the supporting communications unit(s) and supported staff.

Deployment Phase During this phase, OPCON of the communications units and/or detachments is transferred to the supported CE Command Element. The CIS plan is refined through coordination among the supporting communications unit(s) and the supported G-6/S-6 staffs and key staff officers (e.g., the G-2/S-2 for intelligence CIS requirements, the fire support coordinator for fires CIS requirements, etc.). Limited execution is performed during this phase, including tracking message traffic and operating in-transit radio circuits, as required.

Mission The mission statement describes, in concise terms, the location of the operation, the time it will occur, and the tasks to be accomplished. The mission includes the commander’s intent—the purpose of the action. Careful review of the mission gives the CISO a general idea of what overall CIS resources will be required to support the operation.

Available Resources The CISO must consider all available resources to determine the extent of support that can be provided and to determine shortfalls in the capability to support the mission. This includes resources both organic and external to the MAGTF. –Personnel –Equipment and Services –Software –Supplies –Maintenance

Environmental The CISO must consider those physical characteristics such as terrain, weather, and the electromagnetic environment of the objective area that may affect the employment of CIS. –Terrain –Weather –Electromagnetic interference –Facilities