Cases, Motherboards, and Power Supplies Frank McDaniel Joe Rubel Kyle McCarthy Zack Koontz

Motherboard Everything in a PC connects to the motherboard A thin, flat piece of circuit board Usually green or gold

Motherboards I/O Interfaces

Motherboard Video/Audio (k) Video Video Slots o Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) o Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) o Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) PCIe Built-In Video Card Audio Built in Audio on rear panel. Most consist of 6 ports which are: HDMI

IDE/ PATA (k) IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) refers to the connector and interface definition, but also to the fact that the drive controller is integrated into the drive, as opposed to a separate controller on or connected to the motherboard ( 40-pin connectors ) EIDE (Enhanced IDE) It supports data rates of between 4 and 16.6 MBps, about three to four times faster than the old IDE standard. In addition, it can support mass storage devices of up to 8.4 gigabytes Parallel ATA (Parallel Attachment Packet Interface ) is an IDE standard for connecting storage devices like hard drives and optical drives to the motherboard. PATA generally refers to the types of cables and connections that follow this standard.

SATA (k) eSATA Key benefits of eSATA Up to 6 times faster than USB 2.0 or 1394 Robust and user-friendly external connection High performance, cost-effective expansion storage Up to 2 meter shielded cables and connectors SATA Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) is a computer bus interface for connecting host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives and optical drives.

Raid (0, 1, and 5) (k) Benifits of runing a RAID: Increased, Integrated Capacity: Improved Performance Improved Availability: Fault Tolerance Higher Data Security:

Memory Slots (k) RAM DDR (Double Data Rate SDRAM Rambus DRAM (RDRAM) DIMMs vs. RIMMs SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) Expansion Slots Expansion slots for PCs come in two basic sizes: half- and full-size. Half- size slots are also called 8-bit slots because they can transfer 8 bits at a time. Full-size slots are sometimes called 16-bit slots.

BIOS / Firmware BIOS / Firmware Bios (basic input/output system) First ran when computer boots. First job for the BIOS is to initialize and identify system devices BIOS then locates software held on a peripheral device Information is stored on the motherboard which is non volatile Users : o configure hardware o set the system clock o enable or disable system components o select which devices are eligible to be a potential boot device o set various password prompts

BIOS / Firmware (k) Firmware: is a combination of software and hardware. Computer chips that have data or programs recorded on them are firmware. These chips commonly include the following: ROMs (read-only memory) PROMs (programmable read- only memory) EPROMs (erasable programmable read-only memory)

Computer Cases Desktop Tower Portable

Desktop Computer Cases Dektop PCs are set platforms Hardware expansion is limited Aimed at Businesses that require uniformity or basic users External Bays Internal Bays Various Cooling features

Towers Mini Tower Full Tower Mid Tower 3 Different types of Towers

COOL Cases!!

Processor Sockets - Intel and AMD At the beginning, a CPU socket was compatible with just one kind of processor. However, it has changed since. Definition - the connector on a motherboard that houses a CPU and forms the electrical interface and contact with the CPU Processor socket 370 Processor sockets use a pin grid array (PGA) where pins on the underside of the processor connect to holes in the processor socket

Bus Architecture In computer architecture, a bus is a subsystem that transfers data between computer components inside a computer or between computers Buses can be parallel buses, which carry data words in parallel on multiple wires, or serial buses, which carry data in bit serial form 4 PCI express bus card slots (very top) compared to a 32-bit conventional PCI bus card slot (very bottom)

AMR and CNR AMR Audio Modem Riser- An Intel specification that defines a new architecture for the design of motherboards AMR lets manufacturers create motherboards without analog I/O functions. Instead, these functions are placed on a separate card CNR Communication and Networking Riser - Developed by Intel, CNR is a riser card for ATX family motherboards The specification is supported by OEMS, Microsoft and silicon suppliers

AMR vs CNR PL1D6CA5E9EBEE8F15

Riser Card and Daughter Board Riser Card An expansion card that is used to extend a slot for a chip or card in a fully loaded computer to make room to plug it in. It may also refer to a card that contains several slots used in low-profile, space-saving cabinets DaughterBoard A printed circuit board that plugs into another circuit board (usually the motherboard). A daughtercard is similar to an expansion board, but it accesses the motherboard components (memory and CPU) directly instead of sending data through the slower expansion bus.

DC Voltage Power Supply PCs use DC Voltage. This means that a power supply must be able to supply a constant "Direct Current" to power the computer.

ATX Power Supply ATX Power Supplies Originally had a single 20- pin cable. Also use soft power. Always have 5 volts running to the motherboard When the power switch is hit, the BIOS takes over and uses the software to power the computer

Voltage Selector Switch US uses Volts of AC voltage Elsewhere, the use of volts is more common If the computer uses 110 volts and the switch is set to 230, the system will simply struggle to function and will not turn on properly. HOWEVER, if the system uses 230 volts and the switch is set to 110, there will be a catastrophic failure of the power supply. when power supplies go wrong!!

Form Factor Relates to the size and shape of a motherboard Some are specific to individual manufacturers Need same form factor for motherboard and case As of 2007, most desktop computers use ATX form factor

Form Factor examples

CMOS Battery Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor Powers small memory on the motherboard that is used to store BIOS settings Is for when the power is shut off Also stores the real-time date and clock The CMOS RAM and the real-time clock have been integrated as a part of the southbridge chipset and it may not be a standalone chip on a modern motherboard

PCMCIA Stands for Personal Computer Memory Card International Association The group of companies that defined and developed the standard Jokingly referred to as "People Can't Memorize Computer Industry Acronyms" These cards are used for wireless connectivity, modem and other functions in laptop/notebook PCs The PCMCIA was dissolved in 2009

Works Cited