1. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 1 Jianxin Tang ftang@alfred.edu IT 1 V4.0 Ch1. Introduction

2. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 2 Sequence Explain IT industry certifications. Describe a computer system. Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of cases and power supplies. Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of internal components. Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of ports and cables. Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of input devices. Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of output devices. Explain system resources and their purposes.

3. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 3 1.1 Explain IT industry certifications  The CompTIA A+  The European Certification of Informatics Professional (EUCIP) IT Administrator Certification (Modules 1- 3)

4. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 4 Topics Covered by This Course  Personal computers  Safe lab procedures  Troubleshooting  Operating systems  Laptop computers  Printers and scanners  Networks  Security  Communication skills

5. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 5 The A+ certification  CompTIA A+ Essentials And one of the following:  IT Technician  Remote Support Technician  Depot Technician

6. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 6 1.2 Describe a computer system  Hardware: case, storage drives, keyboards, monitors, cables, speakers, and printers.  Software: operating system and programs

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9. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 9 1.3 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of cases and power supplies  The computer case provides protection and support for the internal components of the computer.  The power supply converts alternating-current (AC) power from the wall socket into direct-current (DC) power.

10. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 10 1.3.1 Describe cases  The size and layout of a case is called a form factor.

11. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 11  DC power is required for all of the components inside the computer. 1.3.2 Describe power supplies

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13. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 13 Electricity and Ohm's Law  Four basic units of electricity: – Voltage (V) –Current (I) –Power (P) –Resistance (R)  V = IR  P = VI  Computers normally use power supplies ranging from 200- W to 500-W

14. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 14 1.4 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of internal components  Motherboards  CPUs  Cooling systems  ROM and RAM  Adapter cards  Storage drives  Internal cables

15. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 15 1.4.1 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of motherboards  Main printed circuit board  Contains buses which allow data to travel between the various components that comprise a computer  Accommodates the central processing unit (CPU), RAM, expansion slots, heat sink/fan assembly, BIOS chip, chip set, and the embedded wires that interconnect the motherboard components  The form factor of motherboards pertains to the size and shape of the board

16. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 16

17. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 17 1.4.2 Explain the names, purposes, and characteristics of CPUs  Considered the brain of the computer  Come in different form factors  Hyperthreading: CPU has multiple pieces of code being executed simultaneously  Speed of a CPU: MHz or GHz  Overclocking: A technique used to make a processor work at a faster speed than its original specification, not a reliable way to improve computer performance and can result in damaging the CPU.  Dual Core CPU: Two cores inside a single CPU chip in which both cores can process information at the same time.

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20. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 20 1.4.3 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of cooling systems

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24. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 24 1.4.4 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of ROM and RAM  ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM  DRAM, SRAM, FPMM, EDO, SDRAM, DDR, DDR2, RDRAM  Memory modules: DIP, SIMM, DIMM, RIMM  Cache: L1, L2, L3  Error checking: Nonparity, parity, ECC

25. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 25 1.4.5 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of adapter cards  NIC – Connects a computer to a network using a network cable  Wireless NIC – Connects a computer to a network using radio frequencies  Sound adapter – Provides audio capability  Video adapter – Provides graphic capability  Modem adapter – Connects a computer to the Internet using a phone line  SCSI adapter – Connects SCSI devices, such as hard drives or tape drives, to a computer  RAID adapter – Connects multiple hard drives to a computer to provide redundancy and to improve performance  USB port – Connects a computer to peripheral devices  Parallel port – Connects a computer to peripheral devices  Serial port – Connects a computer to peripheral devices

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27. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 27 1.4.6 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of storage drives

28. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 28 Types of Drive Interfaces  IDE – Integrated Drive Electronics, also called Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA) is an early drive controller interface that connects computers and hard disk drives. An IDE interface uses a 40-pin connector.  EIDE – Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics, also called ATA-2, is an updated version of the IDE drive controller interface. EIDE supports hard drives larger than 512 MB, enables Direct Memory Access (DMA) for speed, and uses the AT Attachment Packet Interface (ATAPI) to accommodate optical drives and tape drives on the EIDE bus. An EIDE interface uses a 40-pin connector.  PATA – Parallel ATA refers to the parallel version of the ATA drive controller interface.  SATA – Serial ATA refers to the serial version of the ATA drive controller interface. A SATA interface uses a 7-pin connector.  SCSI – Small Computer System Interface is a drive controller interface that can connect up to 15 drives. SCSI can connect both internal and external drives. An SCSI interface uses a 50-pin, 68-pin, or 80-pin connector.

29. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 29 1.4.7 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of internal cables  Floppy disk drive (FDD) data cable – Data cable has up to two 34-pin drive connectors and one 34-pin connector for the drive controller.  PATA (IDE) data cable – Parallel ATA data cable has 40 conductors, up to two 40-pin connectors for drives, and one 40-pin connector for the drive controller.  PATA (EIDE) data cable – Parallel ATA data cable has 80 conductors, up to two 40-pin connectors for drives, and one 40-pin connector for the drive controller.  SATA data cable – Serial ATA data cable has seven conductors, one keyed connector for the drive, and one keyed connector the drive controller.  SCSI data cable – There are three types of SCSI data cables. A narrow SCSI data cable has 50-conductors, up to seven 50-pin connectors for drives, and one 50-pin connector for the drive controller, also called the host adapter. A wide SCSI data cable has 68-conductors, up to fifteen 68-pin connectors for drives, and one 68-pin connector for the host adapter. An Alt-4 SCSI data cable has 80-conductors, up to "15" 80-pin connectors for drives, and one 80- pin connector for the host adapter.

30. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 30 1.5 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of ports and cables  Serial  USB  FireWire  Parallel  SCSI  Network  PS/2  Audio  Video

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32. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 32 1.6 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of input devices  Mouse and keyboard  Digital camera and digital video camera  Biometric authentication device  Touch screen  Scanner

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34. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 34 1.7 Identify the names, purposes, and characteristics of output devices  Monitors and projectors  Printers, scanners, and fax machines  Speakers and headphones

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36. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNew CCNA 307 36 1.8 Explain system resources and their purposes  Interrupt Requests (IRQ)  Input/Output (I/O) Port Addresses  Direct Memory Access (DMA)

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