Overview from 800 to 1069 C.E.

- Records show that by 793 C.E. Vikings had begun raids on monasteries in northern England -For example, noblemen wrote warning of the unexpected attack on a monastery by Viking raiders, probably Norwegians sailing directly across the North Sea. -Iona was burnt in 802 C.E., and 68 monks were killed in another raid in 806 C.E.. -Very few records of the raids on England. -WHY? ABILITY TO RAID

By 840 C.E. Viking King Ivarr the Boneless had created a consolidated army and begun more organized raids on England and Scotland. england CONQUEST OF ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND

- After the initial raids English King Alfred ( ) built fortresses, established a defensive strategy, and built up a navy. - By the time the Vikings returned in the 890s, the West Saxons were able to resist. - This left Alfred, at his death in 899 C.E., king of the only independent English kingdom. ANGLO-SAXON RESISTANCE

barbarians-ii-the-saxons---alfred#dark-ages- barbarians-ii-the-saxons---alfred ALFRED “THE GREAT”

- The second Viking Age begun by the 900s. Raids were on a large scale, frequently organized by royal leaders, and their object was extortion. - In 991 C.E. the Danes acquired 4,500 kg of silver in return for going home. - By 1012, payments to the Danes, known as 'Danegeld‘ were required. ANOTHER VIKING AGE

- In 1066 England was conquered by William, Duke of Normandy. -The Normans were technically the descendants of Vikings and took over all of England. - In 1069 the Normans burned Jorvik (York), which marked the end of the Viking Age in England. FALL OF THE VIKING AGE