Genetics Study of heredity Mendel and pea plants Fertilization- sperm and egg join

Trait Ex. eye color, height Hybrids- crosses between parents are true-breeding types

Gene- sequence of DNA that codes for a specific trait Ex. Eye color Allele- version of a gene Ex. blue eye color Diploid organisms have two alleles

Types of Alleles Dominant Recessive

 Mendel’s Principle of Segregation: Two members of a gene pair segregate (separate) from each other during the formation of gametes. Animation of Segregation

Mendel’s Principle of Independent Assortment: Alleles for different traits assort independently of one another. Genes on different chromosomes behave independently in gamete production.

Diploid- 2 sets of chromosomes Haploid- 1 set of chromosomes -Gametes

Genotype Ex. BB Phenotype Ex. Brown eyes

Homozygous Heterozygous

Monohybrid cross

Dihybrid Cross

Genetics Laws Independent Assortment Segregation

Shape of Earlobe Recessive Dominant

Eye Color DominantRecessive

Shape of Hairline DominantRecessive

Tongue Roll DominantRecessive

Tongue Fold Recessive Dominant

Shape of Little Finger Recessive Dominant

Hair on Middle Joint Recessive Dominant

Hair Color Recessive Dominant Red Hair – Any shadeAny Other Color Hair

Hair Type Dominant Recessive

Eyelash Length Recessive Dominant

Number of Fingers Recessive Dominant

Cleft Chin Recessive Dominant

Dimples Dominant Recessive

Freckles Dominant Recessive

Hand Clasping Dominant Recessive 55% of People 45% of People