Some Most All Crude oil Obj: 26/11/12 what is crude oil and how is it useful? Can you describe what sort of substance crude oil is, and where is can be found? Some Most Can you state the processes which happen to crude oil before it is used? Can you name some useful products that can be obtained from crude oil? All

What is a fuel? Something we burn to produce energy What do we use fuels for? Transport…cars, trains, planes Heating homes Generating electricity

Where does our fuel come from? CRUDE OIL

What is crude oil? Crude oil - .

What is crude oil? Crude oil - Oil we find underground.

What is crude oil? Crude oil - Oil we find underground. It is formed from partially decayed plants and animals, under mud, millions of years ago.

Meet the family…

The first four… Methane CH4 Monkeys Ethane C2H6 Eat Propane C3H8 Peanut Butane C4H10 Butter

Pentane C5H12 Hexane C6H14 Heptane C7H16 Octane C8H18 The next four… Pentane C5H12 Hexane C6H14 Heptane C7H16 Octane C8H18 5 6 7 8

ALKANES Alkanes are part of a larger family called hydrocarbons. Why do you think they belong in this family?

ALKANES Hydrocarbons are made up of carbon and hydrogen only. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons – this means they have as many hydrogen atoms as possible. Alkanes have the formula CnH(2n+2)

Combustion of Alkanes

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O Combustion Methane + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O All alkanes react this way Propane + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O The carbon and hydrogen in the fuel are oxidised (we have added oxygen to them).

Crude oil is a ………………. of compounds Crude oil is a ……………….. of compounds. Many of these only contain atoms of ………………… and …………………… They are called ………………………. Thecompounds in crude oil can be separated using ……………………….. When hydrocarbons burn in a good supply of air, carbon ………………… and ……………….. are made, as the carbon and hydrogen in the fuel are …………………… Wordbank: carbon, oxidised, hydrocarbons, water, distillation, dioxide, hydrogen, mixture a) Write the formula of an alkane with i) 12 carbon atoms and ii) 20 carbon atoms. b) How many carbon atoms in an alkane which has 30 hydrogen atoms. c) Write a balanced symbol equation for the combustion of ethane.

Crude oil is a ………………. of compounds Crude oil is a ……………….. of compounds. Many of these only contain atoms of ………………… and …………………… They are called ………………………. Thecompounds in crude oil can be separated using ……………………….. When hydrocarbons burn in a good supply of air, carbon ………………… and ……………….. are made, as the carbon and hydrogen in the fuel are …………………… Wordbank: carbon, oxidised, hydrocarbons, water, distillation, dioxide, hydrogen, mixture mixture carbon hydrogen hydrocarbons distillation dioxide water oxidised a) Write the formula of an alkane with i) 12 carbon atoms and ii) 20 carbon atoms. b) How many carbon atoms in an alkane which has 30 hydrogen atoms. c) Write a balanced symbol equation for the combustion of ethane. C12H26 C20H42 14 (C14H30) 2C2H6 + 7O2 4CO2 + 6H2O

What is a fuel? What do we use them for? Where do we get fuel? What sort of compounds are fuels? What do we get when we burn fuels? Why is this a problem?