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Published byAlison Dovell Modified over 9 years ago
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Fuels Nat 5 1234 5 6 789101112 1314 18 15 19 16 17 2120
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What is a fuel? A substance which is burned to produce energy.
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Give another word for burning? Combustion
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When a substance burns what is it reacting with? Oxygen
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Name the type of compound found in oil and natural gas. Hydrocarbons
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What is a hydrocarbon? A compound which contains hydrogen and carbon only.
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Name the two products formed when a hydrocarbon burns in a plentiful supply of oxygen (complete combustion) Carbon dioxide and water
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What is the test for carbon dioxide? Limewater turns milky
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Name the poisonous gas produced when a hydrocarbon burns in a limited supply of oxygen (incomplete combustion). Carbon monoxide
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What is produced when nitrogen and oxygen from the air react inside a petrol engine ? Oxides of nitrogen which are poisonous
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What causes nitrogen and oxygen from the air to react inside a petrol car engine? Spark
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Why is it dangerous to burn fuels containing sulphur compounds? Sulphur dioxide is produced (a poisonous gas)
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Name the harmful particles produced by the incomplete combustion of diesel. Soot
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What does a catalytic converter do? Converts pollutant gases into harmless gases. Carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide Oxides of nitrogen into nitrogen
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Name the type of chemicals compounds found in crude oil. Hydrocarbons
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Name the process used to separate crude oil into fractions. Fractional distillation
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What is a fraction? A mixture of hydrocarbons with similar boiling points
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What property allows the hydrocarbons to be separated by fractional distillation? They have different boiling points
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Which size of hydrocarbon molecules have the largest boiling point? largest molecules - as the molecules become larger the boiling point increases.
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Describe what happens to ease of evaporation, viscosity and flammability as the molecular size increases. As the molecular size increases - ease of evaporation decreases - more viscous(thicker) - less flammable
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Name the gas which turns lime water milky? Carbon dioxide
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What is the test for oxygen gas? Relights a glowing splint
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