Andre Ishmael
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome also commonly known as PFPS is a general term for anterior knee pain or discomfort. Usually arises from increased contact of the posterior surface of the patella with the femur or inflammation of structures around the patella.
The cause of PFPS is usually from malalignment or biomechanical dysfunction with the patellofemoral joint. According to Mascal and Powers, this includes impairments that cause an increased functional Q-Angle such as: Femoral anteversion, external tibial torsion, genu valgum, foot hyperpronation, or increased hip flexion and adduction. There may also be a tight retinaculum, weak VMO, patella alta, patella baja, or dysplastic femoral trochlea. All these can predispose the person to abnormal patellar tracking, which increase contact forces between patella and femur, increase pull on patellar tendon, or inflamed fat pads or bursa, thus causing the pain.
Pain or poor control when ascending or descending stairs. Pain with walking, running, and jumping. Pain and stiffness associated with prolonged sitting and squatting. Grating and grinding under patella with movement.
There is none because every patient has different causes of PFPS. Most included strengthening muscle and stretching muscles and soft tissue around the knee.
SAQ (OKC terminal ext)? No ▪ Lieb and Perry JBJS 1968, JBJS 1971 ▪ Basmajian Anat Rec 1971 ▪ Hallen et al Acta Orthop Scand 1967 ▪ Jackson Med Sci Sport Exe 1972 ▪ Reynolds et al Am J Phys Med 1983 ▪ Salzman et al. Clin Orthop 1993 Quad exercises No ▪ Cerny Phys Therapy 1995 ▪ LaPrade JOSPT 1998 ▪ Vaatainen et al Int J Sports Med 1995 ▪ Mirzabeigi et al AJSM 1999 Biofeedback Yes ▪ Cowan et al Med Sci Sport Ex 2002 No ▪ Dursun et al Arch Phys Med Rehab 2001 Hip Adduction Yes ▪ Hanten and Schulthies Phys Ther 1990 ▪ Hodges and Richardson Scand J Rehab Med 1993 No ▪ Karst and Jewett Phys Ther 1993 ▪ Grabiner Eur J Exp Musculoskel Res 1993 ▪ Cerny Phys Ther 1995 ▪ Laprade JOSPT 1998
Robinson JOSPT 2007
Fukuda JOSPT 2012
More research with different demographics Implementing into current practice Other causes Questions?
