THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM By: Alec Melville and Casey Kahn

Three Types of Muscle Skeletal Muscle- voluntary muscle- controlled voluntarily Smooth Muscle- not always contracted- involuntary Cardiac Muscle- specialized muscle that makes up the heart

General Function controls movement maintains posture generates heat that is required to maintain a constant body temperature circulation of blood throughout body

What makes up the Muscular System? muscle fibers and connective tissue Tendons- connects muscle to the bone Bursae- small sacs filled with fluids, lay between bones and tendons Synovial membrane- connective tissue that lines spaces between bone and joints that secrete synovial fluid Tendon sheaths- encloses certain tendons, tube shaped, lined with synovial membrane

Works with Circulatory System the heart is a muscle that pumps blood throughout the body Digestive System muscles help move food from different “steps” of the digestive system (ex. from the esophagus to the stomach) lines organs that are active in the digestive system (ex. lining of the stomach and the intestines) Respiratory System diaphragm- large muscle that helps lungs to inspire and expire

Improving the Muscular System Resistance Training Increases muscle size- builds thicker protein filaments, increases fluid in muscle cells Strengthens heart- helps pump blood throughout body more sufficiently Correct and Good Posture helps efficiency of muscles and amount of force required to be efficient Maintain Normal Weight reduces stress and prevents muscle strains

Muscle Diseases Muscular Dystrophy- genetic- damages fibers- weakness, decrease in mobility and lack of coordination- no cure- can effect a person at any time of their lives- more then 50,000 Americans suffer from a form of this disease Cerebral Palsy- most common congenital disorder (born with it)- caused by brain damage loss of muscle tone- every day tasks are difficult because it impacts posture, balance and motor functions Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS or “Lou Gehrig’s Disease”)- neurodegenerative disease (affects nerve cells in the brain)- loss of involuntary muscle movement- people with this disease have a hard time breathing, speaking and swallowing- leads to paralyzation and death- 30,000 Americans suffer from this disease

Quiz 1.What are the 3 types of muscle? 2.What are 3 general functions of the muscular system? 3.What is a tendon? 4.How does the muscular system coordinate with the respiratory system? 5.What is a disease that effects the muscular system?

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