EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS Telecommunications technologies to support FEMA’s all-hazards mission

2 Emergency Communications  FEMA uses a variety of communications services and systems to support activity in several interrelated but separate functional areas: –Day-to-day information system requirements such as voice, video, data, , Internet access, and National Emergency Management Information System (NEMIS) –Pre-disaster communications capabilities for Federal, State, and local emergency management personnel in mitigation and preparation efforts –Telecommunications during and immediately following a disaster to perform preliminary damage assessment and resource requirements analysis

3 Emergency Communications –Telecommunications to support consequence management activities such as Disaster Field Office (DFO) setup, restoration coordination, and resource prioritization –Emergency command and control functions for special events

4 Pre-Crisis Systems  FEMA INTEGRATED NETWORK –facilities linked with high-speed terrestrial circuits that provide integrated voice, data, and video network service –Routers connect FEMA facilities and provide access to the internet –Private Branch Exchange (PBX) systems provide voice capability through FEMA’s Integrated Network, Public Network, and Federal Telephone System (FTS) –Disaster Field Offices are quickly added to architecture to provide a robust field operating environment

5 FEMA Integrated Network Jessup, MD Frankfort,KY Emmitsburg, MD Chicago, IL Bothell, WA Kansas City, MO Maynard, MA Thomasville, GA Presidio Denver, CO Boston, MALanham, MD Philadelphia, PA New York, NY Atlanta, Ga Albany, NY Hyattsville NPSC Region 6 (+NTC) Mt. Weather Headquarters Elkridge, MD Olney, MD FIA Altern- ate

6 Pre-Crisis Systems  FEMA NATIONAL WARNING SYSTEM (NAWAS) –NAWAS is a civil defense and day-to-day emergency warning response and coordination system –24-hour voice only hotline system that provides capability to warn Federal, State, and local governments of impending disasters –NAWAS circuits are controlled by two warning centers; a primary and an alternate –Warning points (nodes) are interconnected with leased, non- switched terrestrial voice circuits –Approximately 2,200 warning points

7NAWAS

8 Pre-Crisis Systems  FEMA NATIONAL RADIO SYSTEM (FNARS) –Voice and data High Frequency (HF) radio system –Links State Emergency Operations Centers and FEMA Sites –Interfaces with a wide variety of other Federal and civilian HF radio systems –Common radio frequencies used to support emergency situations –Consists of more than 120 fixed, mobile, and transportable HF radio stations –Supports Emergency Alerting System (EAS) primary entry points –Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Services (RACES) provides emergency communications at State and local facilities –Currently more than 500,000 Amateur Radio operators in the U.S.

9FNARS

10 Pre-Crisis Systems  KuBAND SATELLITE –FEMA maintains two (2) KuBand satellite earth stations for use as entry points for mobile KuBand satellite elements –Provides access to FEMA Integrated Network via satellite –Provides backup to FEMA terrestrial circuits  SkyCell SYSTEM –Provides backup voice dial-tone and radio dispatch capability to key facilities –Provides satellite-based emergency command and control for special events

11 Crisis Systems  Emergency Response Teams deploy to affected area to coordinate Federal consequence management effort –Cellular, Paging, & PCS –KuBand Satellite - 6 Mobile Elements –MSAT Technology (SkyCell) with Radio Dispatch –INMARSAT –Land Mobile Radio –Low Earth Orbit (ORBCOMM) –High Frequency Radio

12 Crisis Systems  Disaster Field Office (DFO) is setup as a temporary facility to support field aspects of consequence management (communications, logistics, mass care, food, energy, transportation, energy, etc.). –Temporary nodes of FEMA Integrated Voice and Data Network –Interface to FEMA Network provided by terrestrial circuits or KuBand satellite –Wireless Office Concept Micro-Cellular Phone SystemMicro-Cellular Phone System Wireless LANWireless LAN –LOS and Laser systems for campus environment

13 SkyCell System

14 Low Earth Orbit Satellite System

15 Mobile KuBand Satellite System

16 Emergency Operating Vehicle

17 Emergency Operating Vehicle

18 Emergency Operating Vehicle

19 Emergency Operating Vehicle