NATURAL DISASTERS Výukový materiál EK Tvůrce: Mgr. Alena Výborná Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Miloslava Dorážková Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/ Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

1. TECHNICAL DISASTERS Nuclear power plant accidents Leakage of dangerous chemicals Leakage of oil

2. SOCIAL DISASTERS War conflicts Totalitarian regimes The consequence is a movement of large groups of miserable people Humanitarian catastrophes – infectious disease spread

3. NATURAL DISASTERS Three main causes: Cosmic (a meteorite fall) Geologic Climatic

NATURAL DISASTERS EARTHGUAKES: Its origin is on boundaries of lithospheric plates It is a consequence of collision, sliding and subduction It causes quakes of the continental crust Tsunami Earthquakes under the sea level, very fast spreading waves

NATURAL DISASTERS VOLCANIC ERUPTION: It accompanies earthquake zones Lava stream Ash clouds Lightning and storms are caused by friction of volcanic ash dispersed in the atmosphere A rainstorm causes mud streams = fast moving flood waves of mud

NATURAL DISASTERS LANDSLIDES: After long-term rains and during spring melting Slushy masses of rocks slide into valleys and destroy roads and settlements In the CR landslides appear in the Beskydy Mountains and in the Elbe Valley In the mountains there are snow and rock avalanches

NATURAL DISASTERS FLOODS: In Europe during spring melting and after heavy rains 100-year flood = rivers are lifted up to 6 m above their level

NATURAL DISASTERS DROUGHTS: They are the largest disasters in the mankind history Many people die because of famine and poverty

NATURAL DISASTERS STORMS, HURRICANES, TORNADOS: Central Europe – windstorms and hailstorms The Caribbean Area – hurricanes and tornados

NATURAL DISASTERS EXAMPLES OF NATURAL DISASTERS: 1900 drought in India 1902 volcanic eruption in Martinique 1906 hurricane in Hong Kong 1938 floods in China 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan

Revision: 1. Which catastrophes are technical? 2. Are totalitarian regimes social catastrophes? ▫YES ▫NO 3. What are the main causes of natural catastrophes? 4. What does the expression „100-year flood mean“? 5. When do landslides appear?