Chapter 31 American Life in the “Roaring Twenties”

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Chapter 31 American Life in the “Roaring Twenties”

Seeing Red Bolshevik Revolution= Communist in Russia Red Scare of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer -6000k suspects rounded up -249 “radicals” sent to USSR on Buford -unexplained bomb on Wall St.

Criminal Syndication Laws -illegal to advocate social change American Plan -prevent strikes -Union=pro communist -open shop Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti -radicals linked to murder -discriminated because they were Italian, socialist and anarchist -electrocuted after 6 year trial

Hooded Hoodlums of the KKK -Rise up to 5 million members -followed nativist ideals (white and protestant) -big in Midwest and Bible Belt

Stemming the Foreign Blood k immigrants arrived (most southern Europe) Immigration Act of limited number of immigrants to 2% of population from 1890 Census (not 1910) -limited immigrants from undesirable countries -hate America campaigns in Japan Stopped opening of America Shop owners used immigrant diversity to their advantage

The Prohibition “Experiment” 18 th Amendment and Volstead Act -not highly enforced by federal gov’t -Speakeasies and bootlegging were common

The Golden Age of Gangsterism Illegal Booze Market=high profits Chicago-worst city for organized crime Al Capone-distributer—paid off officials -murdered hundreds of rival gang members Racketeers-made merchants pay money and invaded ranks of labor unions

Monkey Business in Tennessee John Dewey-progressive education -learn by doing Fundamentalism-literal reading of Bible John Scopes-taught evolution-fined $100

The Mass-Consumption Economy New inventions and riches -oil fields providing energy -automobiles Advertising—new industry Sports—Babe Ruth Buying on Credit

Putting America on Rubber Tires Henry Ford and Ransom E. Olds-infant industry of cars Ford-assembly line Fordism-moving assembly line Frederick W. Taylor-Scientific Management

The Advent of the Gasoline Age Cars=new rubber, service station, and construction industries Old industries suffered (ie-railroad) Food stuffs-fresh fruits-markets accelerated Open road-vacations Flip Side-more deaths and viewed as a crime contributor (Prostitution on wheels)

Humans Develop Wings Orville Wright-12/17/ feet in 12 seconds Airplanes-first used in war in WWI Charles Lindbergh-NY to San Fran in NYC to Paris in 33 hours and 39 minutes 1930s and 40s-regular air travel

The Radio Revolution 1920-Radio station KDKA of Philadelphia broadcast news of Harding Landslide -Programs, news, sports, etc… grew Families gathered around the radio

Hollywood’s Filmland Fantasies “The Great Train Robbery”-first film sequence -KKK movie and nudity-shocked viewers “The Jazz Singer”-talking Movie stars rose-more popular than political leaders Mass movie culture-losing cultural identity of minorities

The Dynamic Decade Beginnings of Sexual Expansion -sex used to sell -kissing-no longer marriage focused Margaret Sanger—Birth Control Flappers-emancipated women Jazz Music-music of the age

Harlem Largest Black Community Marcus Garvey founded United Negro Improvement Association -keep blacks’ dollars in black pockets -resettlement of blacks to homeland

Cultural Liberation Modernism-questioning of social conventions -result of WWI F. Scott Fitzgerald- “The Great Gatsby” and “This Side of Paradise” Ernest Hemingway- “The Sun Also Rises” -iceberg principle—7/8 under water to support the 1/8 above the water

High Modernists and the Lost Generation -Ezra Pound- “old bitch civilization” -T.S. Eliot- “The Waste Land” Regional, not modernist -Robert Frost, Carl Sandburg, Sinclair Lewis and William Faulkner

Harlem Renaissance -Claude McKay (author) -Langston Hughes (author) -Louis Armstrong (Jazz) -revival of African American Culture

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