Chapter 5 – Energy Flows Results of the second worldwide consultation

Chapter contents A.Introduction (1%) B.Concept of energy flows (8%) C.Definition of main energy flows (17%) D.Energy industries (47%) E.Other energy producers (6%) F.Energy consumers and energy consumption (21%)

Chapter objective: “Describe energy flows and the main groups of economic units that are relevant for such flows.” (5.1)

A – Introduction – Chapter objective B – Concept of energy flows – Meaning of the term ‘energy flow’ – Diagram of main energy flows – Main groups: energy industries, other energy producers and energy consumers. C – Definition of main energy flows Production (1 ary, 2 ndary )Transformation Imports/exportsLosses International bunkersEnergy industry own use Stocks, stock changesFinal consumption TransfersNon-energy use

‘Main energy flows’ diagram of Section B

D – Energy industries – Definition of energy industries – Description of each activity – Discussion of electricity and heat – Discussion of transformation processes E – Other energy producers – Definition of other energy producers – Recommendation on when to include them F – Energy consumers and energy consumption – Definition of energy consumers – Uses of energy – Cross-classifying uses and users Energy industries according to IRES: “ Economic units whose principal activity is the primary energy production, transformation of energy and distribution of energy ” (5.24) Other energy producers according to IRES: “ Economic units engaged in the production, transformation and transmission/distribution of energy as a secondary and/or ancillary activity [ … ] ” (5.66) Energy consumers according to IRES: “ Economic units in their capacity as final users of energy: they use energy products for energy purposes and/or for non-energy purposes ” (5.72)

Table 1 (excerpt): energy industries and ISIC correspondence Energy industry groupsISIC Rev. 4 Electricity and heat plantsDivision: 35 - Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply Pumped storage plants Coal minesDivision: 05 - Mining of coal and lignite Coke ovensGroup: Manufacture of coke oven products Coal liquefaction plantsClass: Manufacture of refined petroleum products Patent fuel plantsClass: Manufacture of refined petroleum products Brown coal briquette plantsClass: Manufacture of refined petroleum products Gas works b (and other conversion to gases) Class Manufacture of gas: distribution of gaseous fuels through mains Gas separation plantsDivision: 06 - Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas Gas to liquid (GTL) plantsClass: Manufacture of refined petroleum products

Figure 5.2: Cross-classification of energy consumers and use by purpose

Result of the WWC - summary Q.1: Do you overall agree with the contents of this chapter? Q.2: Do you agree with the description of the main energy flows? Q.3: Do you agree with the description of the energy industries? Q.4: Do you overall agree with the description of the energy consumers and energy consumption?

WWC – comments received 85 comments received From the comments we have identified – 21 issues for which we need the opinion of the Expert Group; and – 17 ‘straightforward’ issues (editorial and other) for which the Expert Group is also invited to comment.

Some fundamental issues raised Transportation Relationship with other chapters – some suggested merging Ch. 5 and Ch. 8 – others suggested merging Ch. 5 and Ch. 6 – also, some suggested to keep chapters separate, but move material directly related to energy balances to Ch. 8.

Discussion A list of issues brought up by the respondents to the 2 nd WWC has been prepared and presented to the Expert Group. Members of the expert group are invited to provide their opinions on the presented issues.